The Norwegian way: COVID-19 vaccination policy and practice

Skjesol, Ingunn; Tritter, Jonathan Q

doi:10.1016/j.hlpt.2022.100635

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Booster vaccination (third dose) has been recommended to those aged 65 and older since 5 October 2021, and to those aged 45 and older since 26 November 2021. 25 Individuals aged 18–44 have also been offered booster vaccination in the CVP from 26 November 2021, but it is explicitly recommended only to those with underlying conditions that give an elevated risk for severe COVID-19 disease, while persons without medical risk conditions are offered booster vaccination for free if they wish to have it. For both vaccination settings throughout the study period, confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been considered equivalent to one vaccine dose in assessments of need for further doses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CVP has almost exclusively offered COVID-19 vaccines that have a general recommendation of two doses for primary vaccination. 25 Hence, at the population level, having received at least two vaccine doses equates to having completed primary vaccination, and having received at least three doses equates to having received booster vaccination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coverage of primary and booster vaccination against COVID-19 by socioeconomic level: A nationwide cross-sectional registry study

Hansen

Labberton

Kour

et al. 2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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High and equitable COVID-19 vaccination coverage is important for pandemic control and prevention of health inequity. However, little is known about socioeconomic correlates of booster vaccination coverage. In this cross-sectional study of all Norwegian adults in the national vaccination program ( N = 4,190,655), we use individual-level registry data to examine coverage by levels of household income and education of primary (≥2 doses) and booster (≥3 doses) vaccination against COVID-19. We stratify the analyses by age groups with different booster recommendations and report relative risk ratios (RR) for vaccination by 25 August 2022. In the 18–44 y group, individuals with highest vs. lowest education had 94% vs. 79% primary coverage (adjusted RR (adjRR) 1.15, 95%CI 1.14–1.15) and 67% vs. 38% booster coverage (adjRR 1.55, 95% CI 1.55–1.56), while individuals with highest vs. lowest income had 94% vs. 81% primary coverage (adjRR 1.10, 95%CI 1.10–1.10) and 60% vs. 43% booster coverage (adjRR 1.23, 95%CI 1.22–1.24). In the ≥45 y group, individuals with highest vs. lowest education had 96% vs. 92% primary coverage (adjRR 1.02, 95%CI 1.02–1.02) and 88% vs. 80% booster coverage (adjRR 1.09, 95%CI 1.09–1.09), while individuals with highest vs. lowest income had 98% vs. 82% primary coverage (adjRR 1.16, 95%CI 1.16–1.16) and 92% vs. 64% booster coverage (adjRR 1.33, 95%CI 1.33–1.34). In conclusion, we document large socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination coverage, especially for booster vaccination, even though all vaccination was free-of-charge. The results highlight the need to tailor information and to target underserved groups for booster vaccination.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coverage of primary and booster vaccination against COVID-19 by socioeconomic level: A nationwide cross-sectional registry study

Hansen

Labberton

Kour

et al. 2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…We selected two countries, Norway and Pakistan. Norway as a 'perfect' baseline case: it is a highincome country where the vaccination programme has enjoyed a smooth delivery and high take up rates (Skjesol and Tritter 2022). By contrast Pakistan is a middle-low-income country where vaccination initiatives have posed more burden on society (Khan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Seeking Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination and the role of HCPs in Norway and Pakistan

Munir,

Bouder

2023

Proceeding of the 33rd European Safety and Reliability Conference

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The health impact of COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-COV2 virus, varies significantly between age groups. While most people suffer mild to severe symptoms and recover without needing special treatment, at risk groups such as the elderly and people with co-morbidities have been tragically hit, especially in the early phase of the 2020 pandemic. In this context, governments have facilitated an unprecedented effort to fast-track, develop and roll out a worldwide vaccination programme. Vaccination is seen as a life-saving intervention for at risk groups and a health benefit for larger segments of the population. Most countries share a commitment to large-scale vaccination to counter COVID-19. However, despite the global nature of the effort, variations have been observed on the ground both in terms of strategy, delivery and acceptance. In addition, several risks associated with the vaccination for COVID-19 have been discussed, including within the medical profession. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of risk perception approached through the lens of medical intervention by Healthcare Professionals (HCPs) in charge of administering the COVID-19 vaccination. It is based on 20 semistructured interviews conducted in 2020 with HCPs from Norway (N10) and Pakistan (N10). The research points to several casualties and motivational conversations with HCPs are the impetus for people to take the COVID-19 vaccination. Myths and unavailability of reality and truth are the main concerns observed in Pakistan. HCPs from Norway, on the other hand, have indicated that the willingness of the patients and support from family members are key motivations to take vaccines in Norway. However, the risk-seeking attitude of people is influenced by the scare of side effects and negative media reports, and lack of trust in vaccines. This research concludes on the need for more research for determining the risk-seeking attitude of people outside the Western hemisphere before and after taking the COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…Vaccine status was assigned using information from the SYSVAK. We used the vaccination status at the start of the hospital stay related to their positive test [8].…”

Section: Key Public Health Messagementioning

confidence: 99%

A new method for near real-time, nationwide surveillance of nosocomial COVID-19 in Norway: providing data at all levels of the healthcare system, March 2020 to March 2022

et al. 2023

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Background Great efforts have been made to minimise spread and prevent outbreaks of COVID-19 in hospitals. However, there is uncertainty in identifying nosocomial vs community-acquired infections. To minimise risks and evaluate measures, timely data on infection risk in healthcare institutions are required. Aims To design an automated nationwide surveillance system for nosocomial COVID-19 using existing data to analyse the impact of community infection rates on nosocomial infections, to explore how changes in case definitions influence incidence and to identify patients and wards at highest risk and effects of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Methods We used data from the Norwegian real-time emergency preparedness register (Beredt C19), which includes all patients nationwide admitted to Norwegian hospitals between March 2020 and March 2022 with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test during their hospital stay or within 7 days post-discharge. COVID-19 cases were assigned to categories depending on the time between admission and testing. Results Infection rates for definite/probable nosocomial COVID-19 increased from 0.081% in year 1 to 0.50% in year 2 in hospital admissions 7 days or longer. Varying the definitions resulted in large changes in registered nosocomial infections. Infection rates were similar across different ward types. By 2022, 58% of patients with a definite/probable nosocomial infection had received three vaccine doses. Conclusion Automated national surveillance for nosocomial COVID-19 is possible based on existing data sources. Beredt C19 provided detailed information with only 5% missing data on hospitals/wards. Epidemiological definitions are possible to standardise, enabling easier comparison between regions and countries.

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The Norwegian way: COVID-19 vaccination policy and practice

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Coverage of primary and booster vaccination against COVID-19 by socioeconomic level: A nationwide cross-sectional registry study

Coverage of primary and booster vaccination against COVID-19 by socioeconomic level: A nationwide cross-sectional registry study

Risk Seeking Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination and the role of HCPs in Norway and Pakistan

A new method for near real-time, nationwide surveillance of nosocomial COVID-19 in Norway: providing data at all levels of the healthcare system, March 2020 to March 2022

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