The Nothofagus Blume (Fagaceae) of New Guinea

Population structure, stand‐level dieback and recovery of Scalesia pedunculata forest in the Galápagos Islands

“…The same phenomenon has been observed and studied in other Pacific island forests, for example in New Zealand's Nothofagus forests (Wardle and Allen, 1983;Ogden, 1988), Hawaii's Metrosideros forests (Mueller-Dombois, 1983, 1987aJacobi et al, 1988), in the montane Nothofagus pullei forests of Papua New Guinea (Ash, 1982;Arentz, 1983Arentz, , 1988 and in subalpine Abies forests of Japan (Kohyama and Fujita, 1981 ;Kohyama, 1988). However, natural dieback is not restricted to Pacific islands.…”

Timing, exotic terranes, angiosperm diversification, and panbiogeography

“…Though I don't support the majority opinion which considers Nothofagus quite incapable of dispersal beyond any but the shortest of distances, I do not share Romero's opinion. In this instance it is noteworthy that Ash (1982) indicated (loc. cit., p. 361, fig.4) that the New Guinea and New Caledonia species are separable on phyllotaxis, only those in New Guinea being distichous.…”

Nothofagus(Fagaceae) forest on Mt Giluwe, New Guinea

“…The tropical species form the Bipartitae subsection, and seem to be part of a formerly more widespread sub-tropical and temperate group of species of the Brassii pollen type (Soepadmo 1972;Ash 1982). The 13 species from New Guinea are distinct from those of New Caledonia, and occur in the lower montane forests from 600 to 3100 m altitude, typically restricted to ridges at low altitudes but extending to all slopes at the highest altitudes where they may be locally very abundant.…”

“…The altitudinal ranges of individual species vary from about 300 to 1800 m and include low latitude, high altitude, and a preponderance of mid-high altitude species. Eleven species are recorded from the central part of the main-range (142-146~ 3-6~ and fewer species occur on the eastern, western, and outlying ranges (Ash 1982).…”

“…These Nothofagus-dominated forests are readily identified from aerial photographs, and it is also apparent that, unlike other forest types, they often contain patches of dieback (Paijmans 1976;Ash 1982).…”