The Novel Oral Drug Subetta Exerts an Antidiabetic Effect in the Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rat: Comparison with Rosiglitazone

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential antidiabetic effects of two-component drug Subetta and its components (release-active dilutions of antibodies to β-subunit insulin receptor (RAD of Abs to β-InsR) and to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (RAD of Abs to eNOS)) in Goto-Kakizaki (Paris colony) (GK/Par) diabetic rats. Subetta was administered orally for 28 days once daily (5 mL/kg) and compared to its two components (2.5 mL/kg), Rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg), and vehicle (5 mL water/kg). At day 28, fasting plasma glucose levels were significantly decreased only in Subetta and Rosiglitazone groups as compared to vehicle (P < 0.01): 147 ± 4 mg/dL and 145 ± 4 mg/dL and 165 ± 4 mg/dL, respectively. The data of glucose tolerance test showed that Subetta and RAD of Abs to β-InsR (similar to Rosiglitazone) prevented significantly (P < 0.01) the age-related spontaneous deterioration of glucose tolerance as seen in the control group. Subetta and RAD of Abs to β-InsR did not significantly modify the glucose-induced insulin secretion. Chronic administration of Subetta and RAD of Abs to β-InsR improves glucose control, to an extent similar to that of Rosiglitazone. We hypothesize that Subetta and RAD of Abs to β-InsR mostly act via an insulin-sensitizing effect upon target tissues.

Drug discovery today: no molecules required

“…Release-active ‘drugs’ (RADs)1–24 are manufactured by a single Russian company called OOO ‘NPF ‘Materia Medica Holding’ (MMH) 25 26. According to the original patent by its founder and CEO Epstein et al ,27 these preparations consist of ‘ activated forms of ultra-low doses of antibodies conventionally designated as potentiated (dynamised) antibodies (by analogy with the terminology used in homeopathic literature) for treatment of various pathological syndromes ’.…”

“…In research articles about RADs, the homeopathic origin and concentrations of active substances are concealed (only the dilution of the final product is usually mentioned). For example, an article published in the Journal of Diabetes Research claims that the antidiabetic RAD Subetta contains ‘release-active dilutions’ of antibodies to the β-subunit of the insulin receptor (IR) and antibodies to endothelial nitric oxide synthase with final dilutions ‘ C12+C30+C200 ’ 1. That is equivalent to a mix of 1:10 24 , 1:10 60 and 1:10 400 dilutions.…”

“…During the last fifteen years, numerous peer-reviewed journals published articles about the incredible properties of so-called release-active “drugs” (RADs) 1–24. It is claimed that these “drugs” are effective against tick-borne encephalitis, influenza, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, meningococcal meningitis, herpes, HIV, and other viral and bacterial infections, diabetes, erectile dysfunction, sleep disorders, obesity, chronic inflammatory joint diseases, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, chronic cerebral ischemia, benign prostatic hypertrophy, alcoholism, allergies, and many other health problems 18 25.…”

The phenomenon of released‐activity. Reply on comment on Don et al.: Dose‐dependent antiviral activity of released‐active form of antibodies to interferon‐gamma against influenza A/California/07/09(H1N1) in murine model

“…More than 100 PhD theses have been defended in our field, more than 75 monographs and more than 1000 scientific articles have been published, including in foreign journals such as PLOS One , Antiviral Research , International Journal of Infectious Diseases , Nutrition & Diabetes , International Journal of Endocrinology , Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology , Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior , Inflammation , Journal of Diabetes Research , Journal of Sexual Medicine , Sensors (references to some of the articles are presented below) …”

Promising pharmacological targets for the treatment of the diseases associated with the impaired insulin receptor signaling pathway

“…Кроме того, препарат увеличивает чувствительность тка-ней к действию инсулина, стимулируя инсулин-индуцированный захват глюкозы мышечными клетками человека in vitro [46]. На моделях СД1 и СД2 препарат продемонстрировал антигипергли-кемическую активность: значимо снижал повы-шенное содержание глюкозы в плазме, не вызывая гипогликемии, а также восстанавливал нарушен-ную толерантность тканей к глюкозе [47,48]. Пер-вые клинические данные у пациентов с СД2, полу-чающих либо метформин, либо базальный инсулин в сочетании с метформином, показали, что вклю-чение субетты в терапию приводит к значимому снижению уровня глюкозы в плазме натощак и гликированного гемоглобина, оказывает нормали-зующее действие на суточный профиль гликемии, а также существенно снижает уровень общего хо-лестерина в плазме [49].…”