The novel roles of circular RNAs in metabolic organs

Zhang, Zhichun; Guo, Xiaolong; Li, Xi

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2017.12.002

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 90 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Currently, it is generally accepted that the biogenesis of circRNAs is mainly produced through four different mechanisms: lariat‐driven circularization, intron pairing‐driven circularization, RBP binding‐driven circularization and the biogenesis of tricRNA (Zang, Lu, & Xu, 2020; Figure 1). The first model is lariat‐driven circularization path, which requires that an upstream 3′ splice site be joined to a downstream 5′ splice site resulting in exon skipping to form an RNA lariat consisting of several exons and introns (Zhang, Guo, & Li, 2018). Interestingly, ciRNAs biogenesis requires a key motif consisting of both a 7‐nt GU‐rich element close to the 5′ splice site and an 11‐nt C‐rich element near the branch point site (Tran et al., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological functions of circRNAs and their progress in livestock and poultry

Huang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CircRNAs are a class of newly discovered RNAs extensively expressed in eukaryotic cells (Jeck et al., 2013). Compared with conventional linear RNAs (containing 5′ and 3′ ends), circRNAs are covalently closed RNA molecules. It was recognized as a class of functional RNA that differs from miRNA, piRNA and lncRNA due to its character of circularity (Xu, Wu, Han, Zhao, & Song, 2017). CircRNAs were first found in RNA viruses as a viroid as early as in 1976 (Sanger, Klotz, Riesner, Gross, & Kleinschmidt, 1976). And then in 1986, it was also founded that the HDV, an animal virus, has a circRNA genome, which were considered to be a characteristic of viroids (Kos, Dijkema, Arnberg, van der Meide, & Schellekens, 1986). Due to limitation of technology at that time, circRNAs were less reported and were once considered as by-products of mis-splicing or regarded as a meaningless abnormally cut RNA, which never got any attention by some researchers because traditional molecular techniques employed in RNA analysis were not able to detect circRNAs because they did not have cap of 5′ end and tail of 3′ end (Jeck & Sharpless, 2014). It was not until 1991 that endogenous circRNAs were demonstrated in human cells, which originated from exons (Nigro et al., 1991). Since then, with advancement of bioinformatics analysis and RNA sequencing technologies, circRNA has attracted more and more attention of many scientists because it has been reported to be ubiquitously present in eukaryotic organisms and have longer half-lives than linear RNAs (Memczak et al., 2013;

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological functions of circRNAs and their progress in livestock and poultry

Huang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Very little information is available about the role of circRNAs in sepsis, because the elucidation of the role that these molecules play in human diseases has become relevant only in recent years. However, circRNAs may play a key role in sepsis because of their ability to modulate different molecular mechanisms [ 10 ], including inflammation [ 83 ] and immune response [ 62 ], and to control multiple biological processes in metabolic organs (i.e., liver, pancreas [ 84 ]) ( Figure 3 and Table 1 ). Moreover, the identification of the mechanism by which host circRNAs can bind viral mRNAs merits special attention, because it indicates that circRNAs are likely to resist viral infection [ 85 ] ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Circrnas Function In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs in Sepsis: Biogenesis, Function, and Clinical Significance

Beltrán-García

Osca-Verdegal

Nácher-Sendra

et al. 2020

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body responds to an infection that damages it is own tissues. The major problem in sepsis is rapid, vital status deterioration in patients, which can progress to septic shock with multiple organ failure if not properly treated. As there are no specific treatments, early diagnosis is mandatory to reduce high mortality. Despite more than 170 different biomarkers being postulated, early sepsis diagnosis and prognosis remain a challenge for clinicians. Recent findings propose that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may play a prominent role in regulating the patients’ immune system against different pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Mounting evidence also suggests that the misregulation of circRNAs is an early event in a wide range of diseases, including sepsis. Despite circRNA levels being altered in sepsis, the specific mechanisms controlling the dysregulation of these noncoding RNAs are not completely elucidated, although many factors are known to affect circRNA biogenesis. Therefore, there is a need to explore the molecular pathways that lead to this disorder. This review describes the role of this new class of regulatory RNAs in sepsis and the feasibility of using circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis, opening up new avenues for circRNA-based medicine.

show abstract

“…The first study to confirm the presence of circRNAs in human cells by Nigro et al (1991) , reported the detection of circular transcripts derived from the tumor suppressor gene DCC in several human tumor cell lines. Recently, with the advent of new sequencing technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), a growing number of circRNAs have been reported ( Hanan et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2017 ; Zhang Z.-C. et al, 2018 ; Zaiou, 2019 ), and have now become a “hot topic.”…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.

show abstract

The novel roles of circular RNAs in metabolic organs

Cited by 25 publications

References 90 publications

Biological functions of circRNAs and their progress in livestock and poultry

Biological functions of circRNAs and their progress in livestock and poultry

Circular RNAs in Sepsis: Biogenesis, Function, and Clinical Significance

Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About