The nuclear alkylation of pyrazines by ketones and aldehydes

Pyrazines in foods

“…A recent study by Bramwell et al (1971) demonstrated that if no catalyst is used in converting sodium into sodamide, pyrazine nuclear alkylation occurs preferentially at the six then three and finally five carbon position. Other metals besides sodium were investigated and it was found that potassium was even more effective than sodium in forming derivatives.…”

Structure-odor relationships for disubstituted pyrazines

“…Synthesis of 2-Alkyl-3-alkoxy-and 2-Alkyl-3-(alkylthio)pyrazines 20,21, and 23-33. The procedure used for the synthesis of these compounds was the same as that described previously (Bramwell et al, 1971(Bramwell et al, ,1972Masuda et al, 1981).…”

Olfactive properties of alkylpyrazines and 3-substituted 2-alkylpyrazines

“…Synthesis of Alkylpyrazines 1-7. Alkylpyrazines were prepared from the parent pyrazine by alkylation with the appropriate aldehyde in sodium dimethoxyethane solution (Bramwell et al, 1971).…”