The Nuclear Microprobe

Breese, M.B.H.; Grime, G.W.; Watt, F.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ns.42.120192.000245

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Cell pellets were washed in water, dried, ground to homogeneity, wet with acetone, then placed on a thin pioloform film on an aluminium target, and dried at room temperature. Quantitative elemental analyses were done using the Oxford Scanning Proton Microprobe (Johansson & Campbell, 1988 ;Watt & Grime, 1989 ;Grime & Watt, 1990 ;Grime et al, 1991 ;Breese et al, 1992) in the Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Oxford, UK. Elemental maps were obtained of specimen areas of approximately 1-2 mmi1-2 mm held within the proton beam (3n0 MeV protons produced using a particle accelerator constructed in the Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Oxford).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymically mediated bioprecipitation of uranium by a Citrobacter sp.: a concerted role for exocellular lipopolysaccharide and associated phosphatase in biomineral formation

et al. 2000

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A Citrobacter sp. accumulated uranyl ion (UO 2M2 ) via precipitation with phosphate ligand liberated by phosphatase activity. The onset and rate of uranyl phosphate deposition were promoted by NH M 4 , forming NH 4 UO 2 PO 4 , which has a lower solubility product than NaUO 2 PO 4 . This acceleration decoupled the rate-limiting chemical crystallization process from the biochemical phosphate ligand generation. This provided a novel approach to monitor the cell-surface-associated changes using atomic-force microscopy in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy and electron-probe X-ray microanalysis, to visualize deposition of uranyl phosphate at the cell surface. Analysis of extracted surface materials by 31

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymically mediated bioprecipitation of uranium by a Citrobacter sp.: a concerted role for exocellular lipopolysaccharide and associated phosphatase in biomineral formation

et al. 2000

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“…The use of this technique (scanning proton microprobe) can provide elemental maps with a spatial resolution of 0.3 M and depth resolution of 5 M (Breese et al, 1992); the technique was used for elemental mapping of samples of the microbial Ni/HUP deposits as shown in Figure 3A. The distribution of the sample was shown by the mapped carbon deposit residual from the biomass and gel components.…”

Section: Proton-induced X-ray Emission (Pixe) Analysis Of Ni/hup Depomentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbially enhanced chemisorption of nickel into biologically synthesized hydrogen uranyl phosphate: A novel system for the removal and recovery of metals from aqueous solutions

Basnakova

Macaskie

1997

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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“…In particular, ion beam microanalysis (PIXE, RBS [20]), which is probably the major application at present, could be expected to yield results, for example, on the sub-cellular scale (e.g. [21,22]).…”

Section: Applications Of Continuous Beamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Patterning and Characterisation at the Nanometre Scale Using Focused MeV Ion Beams: Present Achievements and Future Prospects

Grime

2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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A key phenomenon in the interaction of MeV ions and solids is that the energy transferred from the primary ions to the target electrons is high compared with atomic and molecular binding energies, but low compared with the ion energy. This means that there is a high probability of modifying the chemical properties of the material (for patterning) or of inducing the emission of electromagnetic radiation (for analysis), yet the path of particle is changed by a negligible amount, which means that focused beams remain sharp even after penetrating long depths into the material. Developments in focusing MeV ions in recent years have pushed the useable beam diameters into the sub-micrometre region, which means that nuclear microbeams are poised to make an impact in both direct write fabrication and micro-analysis at length scales of interest in nanotechnology or microbiology. This paper reviews the science and technology underlying the use of nuclear microbeams (ion solid interactions, focusing systems) and reports on the present status and trends of applications in sub-micron scale applications. Interactions between MeV ions and atoms: the key advantage of MeV ions in nanoscale applicationsMeV ions interact with the atoms of target materials through electrostatic forces between the charged electrons and nuclei of the atoms. Apart from a small fraction of ions which undergo large angle scattering resulting from a close approach to the nucleus (the Rutherford scattering), the primary effect of the interaction is to create a transient electric dipole excitation of the electron structure of the atom. Kinetic energy is absorbed from the ion and may result in ionisation or promoting one or more of the atomic electrons into excited states.The energy transferred from the ion to the atom depends on many factors, but can range from zero to a few tens of keV. This is large compared with electronic binding energies (especially those of valence electrons), giving a high probability of locally modifying the chemistry of the sample, but small compared with the primary ion energy, so that the ion is not strongly deflected or decelerated, and can undergo many thousands of atomic collisions while following an essentially straight path for a large part of its range. This is the unique advantage of MeV ions for high spatial resolution applications: there is a high probability of creating useful effects in the material, yet the primary ion has a long range and a straight path with low lateral scattering. This is demonstrated in Fig.

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The Nuclear Microprobe

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Enzymically mediated bioprecipitation of uranium by a Citrobacter sp.: a concerted role for exocellular lipopolysaccharide and associated phosphatase in biomineral formation

Enzymically mediated bioprecipitation of uranium by a Citrobacter sp.: a concerted role for exocellular lipopolysaccharide and associated phosphatase in biomineral formation

Microbially enhanced chemisorption of nickel into biologically synthesized hydrogen uranyl phosphate: A novel system for the removal and recovery of metals from aqueous solutions

Materials Patterning and Characterisation at the Nanometre Scale Using Focused MeV Ion Beams: Present Achievements and Future Prospects

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