The nucleation and growth of widmannstätten m23c6 precipitation in an austenitic stainless steel

Singhal, L. K.; Martin, J.W.

doi:10.1016/0001-6160(68)90050-3

Cited by 66 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The increase is due to the formation of precipitates, e.g. metal carbides (interface misfit between the precipitates and matrix) [18]. After 1323 K annealing, positron mean lifetime decreases again, because the precipitates disappear.…”

Section: Annealing Behavior Of Irradiated Jpcamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positron annihilation lifetime measurements of austenitic stainless and ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in the SINQ target irradiation program

Sato

Yoshiie

et al. 2012

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Section: Annealing Behavior Of Irradiated Jpcamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. The capture radius of He bubbles is 0.8 nm[18] and the atomic volume is 1.18 Â 10 À29 m 3 for a-Fe. The diffusion coefficient of positrons is 2 Â 10 À5 m 2 /s[27], derived by fitting the number density and the size of the voids in neutron-irradiated Ni.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Positron annihilation lifetime measurements of austenitic stainless and ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in the SINQ target irradiation program

Sato

Yoshiie

et al. 2012

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…[1] without counting the influence of the Al element, we found that the M s is 138 K (-135°C), which is far below room temperature. The Mn and C have strong influences on [4] *JEOL is a trademark of Japan Electron Optics Ltd., Tokyo.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The M 3 C carbide, named cementite, with an orthorhombic crystal structure is the most well-known carbide in steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Eutectoid Reaction for the Decomposition of Austenite into Pearlitic Lamellae of Ferrite and M23C6 Carbide in a Mn-Al Steel

Cheng

Hwang

2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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We discovered a eutectoid reaction in an Fe-13.4Mn-3.0Al-0.63C (wt pct) steel after solution heat treatment at 1373 K (1100°C) and holding at temperatures below 923 K (650°C). The steel is single austenite at temperatures from 1373 K to 923 K (1100°C to 650°C). A eutectoid reaction involves the replacement of the metastable austenite by a more stable mixture of ferrite and M 23 C 6 phases at temperatures below 923 K (650°C). The mixture of ferrite and M 23 C 6 is in the form of pearlitic lamellae. The morphology of the lamellae of the product phases is similar to that of pearlite in steels. Thus, we found a new pearlite from the eutectoid reaction of the Mn-Al steel featuring c fi a + M 23 C 6 . A Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship exists between the pearlitic ferrite (a) and M 23 C 6 (C6) grains, i.e., (110) a // (111) C6 and [111] a // [011] C6 . The upper temperature limit for the eutectoid reaction is between 923 K and 898 K (650°C and 625°C).

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“…h represents the lattice mismatch between the g matrix and M 23 C 6 . Since the value of h for 18Cr-8Ni steel is not available, the value for 25Cr-24Ni steel 16) was employed in this calculation. Table 2 shows the calculated result of matastable equilibrium between g matrix and M 23 C 6 for both of 18Cr-8Ni and 25Cr-24Ni steels at 923 K by means of Thermo-Calc.…”

Section: Derivation Of An Expression For Elastic Strain Energy and Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Precipitation Sequences within Grains in 18Cr–8Ni Austenitic Steel by Using System Free Energy Method

Toda

Abe

2009

ISIJ Int.

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The applicability of theoretical energy analysis to the evolution of microstructures in heat-resistant steels was explored by using the system free energy method to predict the precipitation of M 23 C 6 and s phase within grains in 18Cr-8Ni austenitic steels. The chemical free energy of Fe-C-Cr-Ni quaternary steel and the interfacial and elastic strain energies between austenitic (g) matrix and the M 23 C 6 and s phase were estimated for the system free energy of microstructures wherein coherent or incoherent M 23 C 6 and the incoherent s phase precipitated within g grains. By identifying the minimum-energy path through a determination of system free energy hierarchies, the precipitation initiation curves of precipitates in Fe-0.07C-18.95Cr-9.57Ni steel for temperatures between 823-973 K were theoretically predicted. The calculated curves agreed well with experimental results for Type 304H austenitic steels; this suggests that the system free energy method is suitable for predicting the evolution of microstructures in heat-resistant steels.

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The nucleation and growth of widmannstätten m23c6 precipitation in an austenitic stainless steel

Cited by 66 publications

References 2 publications

Positron annihilation lifetime measurements of austenitic stainless and ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in the SINQ target irradiation program

Positron annihilation lifetime measurements of austenitic stainless and ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in the SINQ target irradiation program

A Eutectoid Reaction for the Decomposition of Austenite into Pearlitic Lamellae of Ferrite and M23C6 Carbide in a Mn-Al Steel

Prediction of Precipitation Sequences within Grains in 18Cr–8Ni Austenitic Steel by Using System Free Energy Method

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