The Number of Emitters Alters Salt Distribution and Root Growth in Potted Gerbera

Valdés, R.; Miralles, J.; Ochoa, J.; Bañón, S.; Sánchez-Blanco, María Jesús

doi:10.21273/hortsci.49.2.160

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A study showed that emitters' location could significantly affect the distribution of moisture and salt in the substrate [32]. The use of multiple emitters per plant reduced the leaching fraction compared with that resulting from one emitter, resulting in enhancing the amount and uniformity of substrate moisture in gerbera cultivated within pots [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Drip Irrigation Emitter Density with Various Irrigation Levels on Physiological Parameters, Root, Yield, and Quality of Cherry Tomato

et al. 2020

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Root morphology and its components’ behavior could show a considerable response under multiple water application points per plant to help the ultimate effect of fruit yield and fruit quality. In this study, a comparison of a single emitter per plant was made with two, three, and four emitters per plant under drip irrigation and two irrigation levels (full irrigation 100% and deficit irrigation 75% of crop evapotranspiration) to investigate their effects on physiological parameters, root, yield, and their associated components for potted cherry tomato under greenhouse conditions in Jiangsu-China. The experimental results showed that the plants cultivated in the spring-summer planting season showed significantly higher results than the fall-winter planting season due to low temperatures in the fall-winter planting season. However, the response root length, root average diameter, root dry mass, leaf area index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, fruit unit fresh weight, the number of fruits, and pH were increased by multiple emitters per plant over a single emitter per plant, but total soluble solids decreased. Besides, a decreasing trend was observed by deficit irrigation for both planting seasons, and vice versa for the case for tomato total soluble solids. Due to an increase in measured parameters for multiple emitters per plant over a single emitter per plant, the yield, water use efficiency, and water use efficiency biomass significantly increased by 18.1%, 17.6%, and 15.1%, respectively. The deficit irrigation caused a decrease in the yield of 5% and an increase in water use efficiency and water use efficiency biomass of 21.4% and 22.9%, respectively. Two, three, and four emitters per plant had no significant effects, and the obtained results were similar. Considering the root morphology, yield, water use efficiency, water use efficiency biomass, and fruit geometry and quality, two emitters per plant with deficit irrigation are recommended for potted cherry tomato under greenhouse conditions. The explanation for the increased biomass production of the plant, yield, and water use efficiency is that two emitters per plant (increased emitter density) reduced drought stress to the roots, causing increased root morphology and leaf area index and finally promoting the plant’s photosynthetic activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Drip Irrigation Emitter Density with Various Irrigation Levels on Physiological Parameters, Root, Yield, and Quality of Cherry Tomato

et al. 2020

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“…É importante ressaltar que as mudas foram cultivadas em recipientes, que é um meio mais limitante às raízes do que o solo, e no qual a acumulação de sais na zona radicular é mais pronunciada quando a irrigação é realizada com água salina (VALDÉS et al, 2014). Nesse sentido, ficou bem demonstrado pelos resultados obtidos que o substrato mais adequado foi a areia de restinga, que é obtida em ambiente natural próximo aos manguezais.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Mudas de Mangue Branco Irrigadas com Água de Rejeito de Salina Solar em Substrato Areia de Restinga para Replantio de Manguezais Degradados

et al. 2020

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A necessidade de repovoar áreas de mangue degradadas pela produção de sal marinho levantou a questão da viabilidade da produção de mudas de mangue branco (Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C. Gaertn) com água e substrato obtidos próximos aos manguezais. Para tanto, foram testados o substrato Areia de Restinga e suas misturas com proporções de 25 e 50% de fibra de coco, bem como irrigação com água doce ou água contendo 5% e 10% de água de rejeito de salina com alta concentração de sal (água-mãe). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial, os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. As avaliações foram realizadas em cinco períodos de desenvolvimento de plântulas e incluíram massa seca total, altura de planta, diâmetro de caule, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O substrato de areia de restinga e a irrigação com água doce proporcionaram as melhores dimensões e qualidade das mudas de mangue branco, mas mudas de tamanho e qualidade muito próximos foram produzidas quando a água aplicada continha 5% da água salgada. Os resultados obtidos serão aplicados para a produção de mudas de mangue branco, economizando água de boa qualidade e reduzindo custos com substrato comercial. Palavras-chave: Degradação Ambiental. Viveiro Florestal. Ambiente Salino. Abstract The need to repopulate mangrove areas degraded by sea salt production has raised the question of the viability of producing white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C. Gaertn) seedlings with water and substrate obtained near the mangroves. Therefore, the substrate Restinga Sand and its mixtures with proportions of 25 and 50% of coconut fiber were tested, as well as irrigation with freshwater or water containing 5% and 10% saltworks brine with high salt concentration (bittern). The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme. Data analysis consisted of variance analysis and Tukey Test for comparison of means. Evaluations carried out in five periods of seedling development included total dry mass, plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, and Dickson quality index. Restinga Sand substrate and irrigation with freshwater provided the best dimensions and quality of white mangrove seedlings, but seedlings of very close size and quality were produced when the applied water contained 5% of the saltworks bittern. The obtained results will be applied to produce white mangrove seedlings saving good quality water and reducing costs with commercial substrate. Keywords: Environmental Degradation. Forest Nursery. Saline Environment.

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“…Another study found that the emitter location can strongly affect the water and salt distribution in the substrate [32]. In addition, Valdés, R et al revealed that compared to the use of one emitter, the use of multiple emitters per pot increased both the quantity and homogeneity of substrate water in gerbera grown in pots [33]. However, irrigation water quantity and multiple emitters per plant significantly affected the total volume of water applied, as well as root and shoot development in weeping fig [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Water Use Efficiency by Optimizing the Root Distribution Patterns under Varying Drip Emitter Density and Drought Stress for Cherry Tomato

et al. 2020

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The spatial distribution of root systems in the soil has major impacts on soil water and nutrient uptake and ultimately crop yield. This research aimed to optimize the root distribution patterns, growth, and yield of cherry tomato by using a number of emitters per plant. A randomized complete block design technique was adopted by selecting eight treatments with two irrigation regimes and four levels of emitters under greenhouse conditions. The experiment results showed that the root distribution extended over the entire pot horizontally and shifted vertically upwards with increased emitter density. The deficit irrigation resulted in reduced horizontal root extension and shifted the root concentrations deeper. Notably, tomato plants with two emitters per plant and deficit irrigation treatment showed an optimal root distribution compared to the other treatments, showing wider and deeper dispersion measurements and higher root length density and root weight density through the soil with the highest benefit–cost ratio (1.3 and 1.1 cm cm−3, 89.8 and 77.7 µg cm−3, and 4.20 and 4.24 during spring–summer and fall-winter cropping seasons, respectively). The increases in yield and water use efficiency (due to increased yield) were 19% and 18.8%, respectively, for spring–summer cropping season and 11.5% and 11.8%, respectively, for fall–winter cropping season, with two emitters per plant over a single emitter. The decrease in yield was 5.3% and 4%, and increase in water use efficiency (due to deficit irrigation) was 26.2% and 27.9% for spring-summer and fall-winter cropping seasons, respectively, by deficit irrigation over full irrigation. Moreover, it was observed that two, three, and four emitters per plant had no significant effects on yield and water use efficiency. Thus, it was concluded that two emitters per plant with deficit irrigation is optimum under greenhouse conditions for the cultivation of potted cherry tomatoes, considering the root morphology, root distribution, dry matter production, yield, water use efficiency, and economic analysis.

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The Number of Emitters Alters Salt Distribution and Root Growth in Potted Gerbera

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Drip Irrigation Emitter Density with Various Irrigation Levels on Physiological Parameters, Root, Yield, and Quality of Cherry Tomato

Effects of Drip Irrigation Emitter Density with Various Irrigation Levels on Physiological Parameters, Root, Yield, and Quality of Cherry Tomato

Mudas de Mangue Branco Irrigadas com Água de Rejeito de Salina Solar em Substrato Areia de Restinga para Replantio de Manguezais Degradados

Improving Water Use Efficiency by Optimizing the Root Distribution Patterns under Varying Drip Emitter Density and Drought Stress for Cherry Tomato

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