The nutrition of the larva of <i>Aëdes aegypti</i> Linnaeus. 4. Protein and amino-acid requirements

On diets laclcing one of 1-arginine, 1-histidine, 1-isoleucine, 1-tryptophan, or 1-valine all the test larvae of the onion maggot, Hylenlya anlipz~a (Mg.), died in the first instar. On diets lacking either 1-phenylalanine or 1-threonine, all died before the third instar; on those from which 1-leucine, 1-lysine, or 1-methionine was omitted, all died before reaching the pupal stage. Diets lacking 1-alanine, 1-aspartic acid, 1-cysteine, 1-glutamic acid, glycine, 1-hydrosyproline, 1-proline, 1-serine, or 1-tyrosine did not block larval development. Eighty-one per cent of the larvae on one of the complete diets developed to the adult stage; eggs laid by these adults and by adults from the diet lacking 1-glutamic acid hatched and produced normal larvae. The test larvae were reared individually and aseptically on chemically defined diets. lManuscript

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“…to detosify imbalances of essential amino acids. Glj-cine is ileeded b), larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.) (6). Perhaps II.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Amino Acid Requirements of Larvae of the Onion Maggot, Hylemya Antiqua (Mg.), Under Aseptic Conditions

Friend¹,

Backs²,

Cass³

1957

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Ten proteinogenic l -amino acids, including aromatic (F, W, H), aliphatic (L, I, V, T), sulfur containing (M), and basic (R, K) are essential in mammals and also in mosquitoes (Akov, 1962; Golberg and Demeillon, 1948; Singh and Brown, 1957) and other insects (Friend and Dadd, 1982; Gordon, 1968; House, 1962; Phillips, 1929) (Table 1). They are the limiting factors in larval and egg development as well as key signaling and regulatory messengers of developmental processes (Akov, 1962; Hansen et al, 2004; Harrington et al, 2001; Lea et al, 1956; Singh and Brown, 1957).…”

Section: Essential and Conditionally Essential Amino Acids In Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular basis of essential amino acid transport from studies of insect nutrient amino acid transporters of the SLC6 family (NAT-SLC6)

Boudko

2012

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Two protein families that represent major components of essential amino acid transport in insects have been identified. They are annotated as the SLC6 and SLC7 families of transporters according to phylogenetic proximity to characterized amino acid transporters (HUGO nomenclature). Members of these families have been identified as important apical and basolateral parts of transepithelial essential amino acid absorption in the metazoan alimentary canal. Synergistically, they play critical physiological roles as essential substrate providers to diverse metabolic processes, including generic protein synthesis. This review briefly clarifies the requirements for amino acid transport and a variety of amino acid transport mechanisms, including the aforementioned families. Further it focuses on the large group of Nutrient Amino acid Transporters (NATs), which comprise a recently identified subfamily of the Neurotransmitter Sodium Symporter family (NSS or SLC6). The first insect NAT, cloned from the caterpillar gut, has a broad substrate spectrum similar to mammalian B0 transporters. Several new NAT-SLC6 members have been characterized in an effort to explore mechanisms for the essential amino acid absorption in model dipteran insects. The identification and functional characterization of new B0-like and narrow specificity transporters of essential amino acids in fruit fly and mosquitoes leads to a fundamentally important insight: that NATs evolved and act together as the integrated active core of a transport network that mediates active alimentary absorption and systemic distribution of essential amino acids. This role of NATs is projected from the most primitive prokaryotes to the most complex metazoan organisms, and represents an interesting platform for unraveling the molecular evolution of amino acid transport and modeling amino acid transport disorders. The comparative study of NATs elucidates important adaptive differences between essential amino acid transportomes of invertebrate and vertebrate organisms, outlining a new possibility for selective targeting of essential amino acid absorption mechanisms to control medically and economically important arthropods and other invertebrate organisms.

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“…The importance of dietary protein and amino acids has been investigated for several insects including Drosophila , and reveals that, like mammals, insects must acquire some essential amino acids via foods (Golberg and De Meillon, 1948; Hinton et al, 1951; House, 1962; Singh and Brown, 1957). Females, in particular, require large supplies of amino acids for synthesizing egg yolk (Dimond et al, 1956).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Molecular and Cellular Context-Dependent Role for Ir76b in Detection of Amino Acid Taste

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY Amino acid taste is expected to be a universal property among animals. Although sweet, bitter, salt, and water tastes have been well characterized in insects, the mechanisms underlying amino acid taste remain elusive. From a Drosophila RNAi screen we identify an ionotropic receptor, Ir76b, as necessary for yeast preference. Using calcium imaging, we identify Ir76b+ amino acid taste neurons in legs, overlapping partially with sweet neurons but not those that sense other tastants. Ir76b mutants have reduced responses to amino acids, which are rescued by transgenic expression of Ir76b, and a mosquito ortholog AgIr76b. Co-expression of Ir20a with Ir76b is sufficient for conferring amino acid responses in sweet taste neurons. Notably, Ir20a also serves to block salt response of Ir76b. Our study establishes the role of a highly conserved receptor in amino acid taste, and suggests a mechanism for mutually exclusive roles of Ir76b in salt and amino acid-sensing neurons.

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The nutrition of the larva of Aëdes aegypti Linnaeus. 4. Protein and amino-acid requirements

Cited by 67 publications

References 2 publications

Studies on Amino Acid Requirements of Larvae of the Onion Maggot, Hylemya Antiqua (Mg.), Under Aseptic Conditions

Studies on Amino Acid Requirements of Larvae of the Onion Maggot, Hylemya Antiqua (Mg.), Under Aseptic Conditions

Molecular basis of essential amino acid transport from studies of insect nutrient amino acid transporters of the SLC6 family (NAT-SLC6)

A Molecular and Cellular Context-Dependent Role for Ir76b in Detection of Amino Acid Taste

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