The obligations of ‘international assistance and cooperation’ under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. A possible entry point to a human rights based approach to Millennium Development Goal 8

Carmona, Magdalena Sepúlveda

doi:10.1080/13642980802532424

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Human rights proponents see universal health coverage as supportive of the right to health (Ooms et al, ; Sustainable Development Solutions, n.d.). There have been calls for convergence between human rights and development actors toward practical fulfillment of MDGs (Carmona, ). This article encourages collaboration between health and human rights professionals by including physicians in efforts to evaluate the human right to health for people living with HIV in the Eastern Caribbean.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Right to Health in the Sixth Millennium Development Goal in the Eastern Caribbean

Reddock¹

2016

WHM

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Millennium Development Goal 6 aimed to combat HIV/AIDS, and target 6B specifically focused on universal access to antiretrovirals. Global Millennium Development Goal (MDG) reporting based on national averages missed smaller populations and did not include a human rights viewpoint. Six countries in the Eastern Caribbean that endorsed the 2000 Millennium Declaration that were not included in global UNAIDS estimates were selected for this study. In this paper, physicians in the Eastern Caribbean provide a qualitative assessment of the sixth MDG from a right to health perspective that includes the dimensions of availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Right to Health in the Sixth Millennium Development Goal in the Eastern Caribbean

Reddock¹

2016

WHM

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“…156 among other things, it also requires States to ensure the protection of human rights when adopting bilateral and multilateral agreements. 157 a State can, thus, be held liable for human rights violations in third States for its failure to take into consideration the enjoyment of the rights while taking decisions, sanctions, programmes and policies as a member of international organisations. 158 arguably, this aspect of a State's extraterritorial duty is also an expression of the obligation not to discriminate against those beyond its borders.…”

Section: Extraterritoriality Through the Layers Of State Obligationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Rights-Duties Congruence: Extraterritorial Application of the Human Right to Water in the African Human Rights System

Bulto¹

2011

Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights

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Since 85 per cent of African freshwater comes from international rivers, the realisation of the newly emerging human right to water depends on the volume and quality of shared water resources. Each continental African State shares a river with at least one other State. Thus, a State has the capacity to hamper the realisation of the right in other co-riparian States by reducing the volume or polluting the shared river unless they are legally prevented from jeopardising the right abroad. The right would prove an empty promise for the right holders unless they are given legal avenues to hold third States accountable for their (in)actions that produce extraterritorial consequences. This article examines the extraterritorial reach of States' human rights duties in the African human rights system in the light of the regional case law and comparative jurisprudence.

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“…39 (emphasis added). On the topic, see Carmona (2009), Clapham and Kohler (2009) and Coomans (2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Preliminary Remarks on the Envisaged World Health Organization Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for the Sharing of Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits

Vezzani

2010

World Intellectual Property

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Over the last few decades, the World Health Organization (WHO) has played a significant role in the prevention and control of new strains of influenza virus in the human population. Beginning in the 1950s, it has coordinated a network of WHO‐linked laboratories, charged with monitoring the changes in influenza viruses and favouring the timely sharing of virus samples, which is necessary for the development and production of vaccines. In December 2006, the said system was brought into question by Indonesia, according to which it was unfair and in conflict with the principle of state sovereignty over biological and genetic resources. Although very controversial, the Indonesian decision to interrupt the supply of candidate influenza vaccine strains boosted intergovernmental negotiation, until then not achieved, aimed at establishing a new WHO framework. This article examines the outcome of such a negotiation, as well as the aspects of the framework still under discussion. It emphasizes the innovative nature of the proposed benefit‐sharing mechanism, which would promote access to vaccines mainly through the multilateralization of intellectual property rights governance. Similarities and differences between the envisaged framework and the benefit‐sharing mechanism established by the Food and Agricultural Organization International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in the field of access to plant genetic resources are analysed.

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The obligations of ‘international assistance and cooperation’ under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. A possible entry point to a human rights based approach to Millennium Development Goal 8

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing the Right to Health in the Sixth Millennium Development Goal in the Eastern Caribbean

Assessing the Right to Health in the Sixth Millennium Development Goal in the Eastern Caribbean

Towards Rights-Duties Congruence: Extraterritorial Application of the Human Right to Water in the African Human Rights System

Preliminary Remarks on the Envisaged World Health Organization Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for the Sharing of Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits

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