The Occupational and Environmental Health History

Tarcher, Alyce Bezman

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2447-6_11

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First, workers in industries such as construction and underground mining are likely to be exposed to myriad hazardous agents (Tarcher 1992). Categories of potential stressors that can contribute to these complex mixtures are listed in Supplemental Material, Appendix 1, Table 1-4 (http://www.ehponline.org/docs/2007/9333/suppl.pdf), and examples of the kinds of mixtures typically encountered in various industries are provided in Supplemental Material, Appendix 1, Table 1-5 (http://www.ehponline.org/docs/2007/9333/suppl.pdf) (Tarcher 1992). …”

Section: Which Environmental Mixtures Are Most Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Cumulative Health Risks from Exposure to Environmental Mixtures—Three Fundamental Questions

Sexton

Hattis

2007

Environ Health Perspect

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differential exposure to mixtures of environmental agents, including biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial stressors, can contribute to increased vulnerability of human populations and ecologic systems. Cumulative risk assessment is a tool for organizing and analyzing information to evaluate the probability and seriousness of harmful effects caused by either simultaneous and/or sequential exposure to multiple environmental stressors. In this article we focus on elucidating key challenges that must be addressed to determine whether and to what degree differential exposure to environmental mixtures contributes to increased vulnerability of exposed populations. In particular, the emphasis is on examining three fundamental and interrelated questions that must be addressed as part of the process to assess cumulative risk: a) Which mixtures are most important from a public health perspective? and b) What is the nature (i.e., duration, frequency, timing) and magnitude (i.e., exposure concentration and dose) of relevant cumulative exposures for the population of interest? c) What is the mechanism (e.g., toxicokinetic or toxicodynamic) and consequence (e.g., additive, less than additive, more than additive) of the mixture’s interactive effects on exposed populations? The focus is primarily on human health effects from chemical mixtures, and the goal is to reinforce the need for improved assessment of cumulative exposure and better understanding of the biological mechanisms that determine toxicologic interactions among mixture constituents.

show abstract

Section: Which Environmental Mixtures Are Most Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%