The occurrence and behaviour of fluoride in the groundwater of the Lower Vamsadhara River basin, India

Rao, N. Srinivasa

doi:10.1080/02626669709492085

Cited by 70 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Fluoride due to coal combustion is a big source in China that causes serious health diseases over large areas of southern China (Zheng et al 1996;An et al 1997;Robert et al 2002) and Inner Mongolia (Wang et al 1999;Smedley et al 2003 Srinivasa Rao 1997). Also, fluoride concentration in irrigation water accounts to be 0.34 mg/L.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Sources Of Fluoridementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 1984, WHO estimated that more than 260 million people living all over the world consume water with fluoride concentration above 1 mg/L (WHO 1984). The problem of high fluoride in groundwater has been reported by several researchers in India, China, Japan, Sri Lanka, Iran, Pakistan, Turkey, Southern Algeria, Mexico, Korea, Italy, Brazil, Malawi, North Jordan, Ethiopia, Canada, Norway, Ghana, Kenya, South Carolina, Wisconsin and Ohio (Dissanayake 1991;Gaciri and Davies 1993;Srinivasa Rao 1997;Banks et al 1998;Oruc 2003;Kim and Jeong 2005;Tekle Haimanot et al 2006;Valenzuela-Vásquez et al 2006;Zheng et al 2006;Chae et al 2007;Farooqi et al 2007;Mirlean and Roisenberg 2007;Msonda et al 2007;Vivona et al 2007;Davraz et al 2008;Messaïtfa 2008;Moghaddam and Fijani 2008;Oruc 2008;Desbarats 2009;Li et al 2009;Karthikeyan et al 2010;Keshavarzi et al 2010;Kim et al 2010;Looie and Moore 2010;Naseem et al 2010;Reddy et al 2010a;Yidana et al 2010;Young et al 2010;Sultana et al 2014). The other possible sources of intake of fluoride apart from drinking water are through food, beverages and dental products like tooth paste.…”

Section: World-wide Occurrences Of Arsenic and Fluoride Contaminated mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Arsenic and Fluoride Pollution in Water and Soils

Farooqi

2015

Arsenic and Fluoride Contamination

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Section: Anthropogenic Sources Of Fluoridementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: World-wide Occurrences Of Arsenic and Fluoride Contaminated mentioning

confidence: 96%

Arsenic and Fluoride Pollution in Water and Soils

Farooqi

2015

Arsenic and Fluoride Contamination

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“…Thus, in addition to mitigation of excess fluoride, inferring the responsible conditions and the parameters for its dissolution and enrichment in time and space as well as monitoring them through an adequate monitoring network are essential (Ahmed and others 2002a). Heterogeneities present in the aquifer system with a weathered-fractured set-up demand a multi-disciplinary approach and recent developments on geochemistry of aquifers have become important in obtaining additional information for conceptualisation of the system behaviours (Rao 1997). Among other geochemical parameters, fluoride content of groundwater in granitic aquifers is mainly due to rock-water interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring the chemical parameters for the dissolution of fluoride in groundwater

2003

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Geochemical study of groundwater from 58 selected fluoride-rich areas in different parts of India that includes eight states indicates that:1. These groundwaters are alkaline in pH (7.4-8.8) andtheir electrical conductivity varies from 530-2,680 lS/ cm and fluoride concentration from 1.7-6.1 mg/l. Presence of fluoride-bearing minerals in the host rocks and their interaction with water is considered to be the main cause for fluoride in groundwater. 2. The decomposition, dissociation and dissolution are the main chemical processes for the occurrence of fluoride in groundwater. During rock-water interaction, concentration of fluoride in rock, aqueous ionic species and residence time of interaction, etc. are also important parameters. 3. This study indicates that 85% groundwater samples have EC: 1,000-2,000 lS/cm, pH: 7.5-8.5, and HCO 3 /Ca (epm ratio): 0.8-2.3. 4. The Ca and HCO 3 contents of groundwater samples have shown good correlation with fluoride.

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“…Also, the excess groundwater aqueous ionic concentration such as sodium bicarbonates or sodium carbonates increase the dissociation activity of fluoride and precipitates CaCO 3 as it is shown on the equation below [58,59]. CaF 2 + 2NaHCO 3 → CaCO 3 +2Na + 2F +H 2 O + CO 2 (3) CaF 2 + Na 2 CO 3 → CaCO 3 +2Na + 2F (4) It can be noted that, long residence time of water in rocks favours more contact time and exposure.…”

Section: Fluoride Release Mechanism In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride Levels in Surface and Groundwater in Africa: A Review

Malago¹,

Makoba²,

Muzuka³

2017

AJWSE

128

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Abstract:Fluoride has been reported to be among natural pollutant of water in Africa. High fluoride levels beyond the recommended World Health Organization limit of 1.5 mg/l has been observed in various Africa countries. However, the information is scattered in different publication medium. Therefore, objective of this work was to put together the information on fluoride levels in surface and groundwater in Africa, and describe the status and distribution of fluoride in water among African countries. This study assembled the secondary data of fluoride concentrations in surface and groundwater from the various literatures in African countries. Such countries represent southern, northern, eastern and western Africa. Descriptive statistics was used and results showed that elevated fluoride concentration occurred in countries such as Tanzania, Kenya, Algeria, Nigeria, Ghana, Malawi, Sudan, Uganda, the Republic of South Africa and Ethiopia. The highest fluoride concentration reported was 2,800 mg/l in Lake Nakuru in Kenya. The high fluoride concentrations in water can be linked to volcanic activities, presence of thermal waters especially those with high pH, gases emitted from earth's crust, granitic and gneissic rocks. The high fluoride in water is severe in countries located in East African Rift Valley like Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia. However, all the incidences of highest fluoride levels in water in the Rift Valley countries were found in surface water bodies. This is contrary, as it is expected groundwater to be more concentrated as compared to surface water due to more water rock interaction than in surface water bodies. There was no single study among many studies has reported the long term trend of concentration of fluoride in water with time. Thus, the effort to establish long term trend of fluoride concentration in water should be taken in consideration. This helps to predict future concentration of fluoride and possibility to minimize future risks. Also, fluorosis has also been reported to be endemic in fluoritic areas of Africa though, little is known on other fluoride negative effects. Therefore, more efforts should concentrate on finding appropriate defluoridation techniques to be applied while considering the cost of operation, efficiency, practicability, easy application and environmental friendly.

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The occurrence and behaviour of fluoride in the groundwater of the Lower Vamsadhara River basin, India

Cited by 70 publications

References 11 publications

Arsenic and Fluoride Pollution in Water and Soils

Arsenic and Fluoride Pollution in Water and Soils

Inferring the chemical parameters for the dissolution of fluoride in groundwater

Fluoride Levels in Surface and Groundwater in Africa: A Review

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