The Occurrence, Biology, Serology and Molecular Biology of Tospoviruses in Indian Agriculture

Basavaraj,; Mandal, Bikash; Gawande, S. J.; Renukadevi, P.; Holkar, Somnath Kadappa; Krishnareddy, M.; Ravi, K. S.; Jain, Rakesh

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5672-7_20

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Tomato-spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most widespread and most studied tospovirus species ( Pappu et al, 2009 ), however, in the Indian subcontinent, groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) is the most prevalent orthotospovirus species. The complete genome sequence of GBNV has been generated and limited gene function studies have been conducted ( Basavaraj et al, 2017 ). The NSs protein of GBNV has been shown as a bifunctional enzyme having both ATPase and phosphatase activities ( Lokesh et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Foliar Application of dsRNA Derived From the Full-Length Gene of NSs of Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Limits Virus Accumulation and Symptom Expression

et al. 2021

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Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) is the most significant member of the genus Orthotospovirus occurring in the Indian subcontinent. There is hardly any effective measure to prevent GBNV in crop plants. In order to develop GBNV infection prevention procedure, we examined the effect of the direct foliar application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) derived from the full-length NSs gene (1,320 nucleotides) of GBNV. The bacterially expressed dsRNA to the non-structural (dsNSs) gene of GBNV was purified and delivered to plants as an aqueous suspension containing 0.01% Celite for evaluating its efficacy in preventing GBNV infection in systemic host, Nicotiana benthamiana as well as in local lesion and systemic host, cowpea cv. Pusa Komal (Vigna unguiculata). The dsNSs application and challenge-inoculation were conducted in three different combinations, where plants were challenge-inoculated with GBNV a day after, immediately, and a day before the application of dsNSs. N. benthamiana plants, which were not treated with dsRNA showed severe systemic wilting and death by 9–16 days post-inoculation (dpi). The non-treated cowpea plants exhibited many chlorotic and necrotic lesions on the cotyledonary leaves followed by systemic necrosis and death of the plants by 14–16 dpi. The dsNSs treated plants in all the combinations showed significant reduction of disease severity index in both N. benthamiana and cowpea. The treatment combination where the GBNV inoculation was conducted immediately after the dsNSs treatment was found to be the most effective treatment in preventing symptom expression. The viral RNA analysis by real time PCR also showed 20 and 12.5 fold reduction of GBNV in cowpea and N. benthamiana, respectively. Our results suggest that the foliar application of dsRNA derived from the full-length NSs gene of GBNV through Celite is successful in delivering long dsRNA leading to effective prevention of GBNV infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Foliar Application of dsRNA Derived From the Full-Length Gene of NSs of Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Limits Virus Accumulation and Symptom Expression

et al. 2021

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“…Early infection resulted in chlorotic and necrotic lesions on the leaves and drying of young buds followed by stem necrosis and severe stunting. Necrotic ringspots in unriped fruits and chlorotic ringspots in ripened fruits were typically observed at the later stages of infection ( Raja and Jain, 2006 ; Basavaraj et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the antiviral nature of endophytic Bacillus spp. against groundnut bud necrosis virus in cowpea and tomato

Gayathri,

Sharanya,

Renukadevi

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Tomato, the important vegetable crop, is severely affected by Orthotospovirus arachinecrosis which impacts heavy economic losses. The application of insecticide to manage viral diseases is not an environmentally safe approach. In view of these issues, we investigated the antiviral efficacy of 21 bacterial endophytes against GBNV in local lesion host (Cowpea-VBN3). Based on the reduction in lesion number and virus titer as estimated through both DAC ELISA and qPCR in cowpea, the bacterial endophytes viz., Bacillus licheniformis Soya1, Bacillus tequilensis NBL6, and Bacillus velezensis VB7 were selected and further tested in tomato. The study revealed the well-defined antiviral efficacy of these endophytes against GBNV. The percentage of disease incidence ranged from 16 to 24% in endophyte-treated tomato plants compared with untreated plants (88%). In addition, symptom severity was reduced, and the application of endophytes also in promotion of the growth compared with untreated control. DAC ELISA revealed that the tomato plants treated with bacterial endophytes challenged with GBNV showed reduction in the virus titer (0.26–0.39 @ OD 405 nm) at different days of interval after inoculation (0, 5, and 10 days) compared with untreated control (3.475 @ OD 405 nm). Additionally, reduction in the viral copy number in bacterial endophyte-treated plants was evident by real-time PCR. Furthermore, tomato plants bacterized with endophytes depicted significant correlation and reduction in viral load and disease incidence as revealed by the principal-component biplot analysis. Thus, the application of bacterial endophytes has a potential role in reducing the disease incidence, severity, and titer value of GBNV, which will be the promising management approach in future to mitigate the virus infection in tomato plants.

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“…Its genome includes L RNA (8.9 kb) encoding virus replicase protein of 337 kDa, M RNA (4.8 kb) encoding glycoproteins (34 kDa) and movement protein (127 kDa), and S RNA (3.05 kb) encoding non-structural small protein (34 kDa) and nucleocapsid protein (28 KDa) [6]. Tomato plants that have been infected by the GBNV exhibit necrotic and chlorotic spots on their young leaves, stem, and petioles [7]. As the infection progresses, the young bud dries out and the growth becomes stunted, resulting in the yellowing of leaves and ultimately leading to death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Efficacy of Bacillus sp. against Groundnut bud necrosis orthotospovirus in Cowpea

Kishorkumar,

Harish,

Karthikeyan

et al. 2023

IJPSS

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Tomato spotted wilt, a disease caused by Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), is a major disease affecting tomatoes causing great yield loss to the farming community. In this study, the GBNV-TNAU 1 virus isolate was obtained from infected plants and maintained through mechanical transmission on cowpea cv. CO7, which induced chlorotic and necrotic local lesions by the fourth-day post-inoculation (dpi). The pathogenicity of GBNV on tomato cv. PKM1 was confirmed through sap transmission. In vitro screening of Bacillus sp. viz., B. amyloliquefaciens (Ka1), B. subtilis (Bbv 57), and B. subtilis (BST 8) demonstrated effective reduction of GBNV-induced lesions in cowpea. B. amyloliquefaciens (Ka1) and B. subtilis (BST8) displayed a maximum germination percentage of 100 %, while B. amyloliquefaciens (MM12) exhibited 83.33 %. Futhermore, maximum vigour index of 1743.8, 1699.6 & 1436.5 was noticed in B. amyloliquefaciens (Ka1), B. subtilis (BST8) & B. subtilis (Bbv 57) treated plants. These findings provide valuable insights on sustainable management strategies against the disease, benefiting farmers by enhancing tomato cultivation productivity and profitability.

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The Occurrence, Biology, Serology and Molecular Biology of Tospoviruses in Indian Agriculture

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Direct Foliar Application of dsRNA Derived From the Full-Length Gene of NSs of Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Limits Virus Accumulation and Symptom Expression

Direct Foliar Application of dsRNA Derived From the Full-Length Gene of NSs of Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Limits Virus Accumulation and Symptom Expression

Deciphering the antiviral nature of endophytic Bacillus spp. against groundnut bud necrosis virus in cowpea and tomato

Antiviral Efficacy of Bacillus sp. against Groundnut bud necrosis orthotospovirus in Cowpea

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