The Occurrence of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides on Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Spp.) in Peninsular Malaysia

Abstract

This study was carried out to identify the suspected pathogenic microorganisms associated with anthracnose disease on dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) and to investigate the occurrence of this disease in Peninsular Malaysia. Fifty posts of dragon fruit crops from several surveyed dragon fruit-growing areas were randomly sampled to assess the disease occurrence. The results revealed that anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., was one of the main diseases on this crop. This disease not only infected the stem but also the fruit. Diseased stem and fruit had symptoms of reddish-brown lesions with chlorotic haloes. The lesion had brown centers and coalesced to rot. Identification of the isolated pathogen showed that it had a whitish-orange colony, septated hyphae and capsule-like conidia (6-10 µm × 2-2.5 µm in size). The highest disease incidence (80%) was recorded from Pekan (Pahang), a farm with unfavorable environmental condition for the optimum growth of dragon fruit crops; while the most severe disease (32.0%) was documented from a Durian Tunggal (Malacca) farm where the crop hygiene was poor. Correlation of disease incidence and severity showed a positive linear correlation with an R2 value close to 1; while regression analysis results highlighted that the occurrence and progress of disease were highly influenced by environmental conditions, alternative sources of inoculum and agricultural practices rather than by climatic factors.

Pitaya Nutrition, Biology, and Biotechnology: A Review

“…Cactus virus X [ 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 ], Schlumbergera virus X [ 169 , 170 ], Zygocactus virus X, and Pitaya virus X [ 170 , 171 , 172 ] have been reported in pitaya stems. Pitaya bacterial pathogens include Enterobacter cloacae and Erwinia chrysanthemi , which cause bacterial soft rot [ 173 , 174 , 175 ]. Pitaya plants are severely damaged by the Aphis gossypii , Spodoptera litura , and Cactophagus spinolae pests [ 176 , 177 , 178 ].…”

Analysis of Physicochemical Properties, Available Nutrients of Soil and their Correlation with Incidence of Telya Disease of Pomegranate at Northern Nasik, Maharashtra

“…To evaluate percent incidence 20 plants from four corners and 20 plants from focus were arbitrarily chosen, resulting in 100 plants for each field. Evaluation of percent incidence was done by using the following formula; given by Masyahit, et al 32 inf % 100 ln = × Numberof ectedplants incidence Tota umberrofobservedplants…”

Development of Trichoderma Formulation and Application to Control Durian Anthracnose Disease

“…In serious cases of durian anthracnose, the leaf loses the photosynthetic area and finally falls off. The tree will lose strength, affecting the growth and development of the tree [3]. The recommended method to control anthracnose disease in the nursery is to apply foliar sprays.…”

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