The Occurrence of Fungi in the Recently Discovered Jarkowicka Cave in the Karkonosze Mts. (Poland)

Pusz, W.; Ogórek, Rafał; Knapik, Roksana; Kozak, Bartosz; Bujak, Henryk

doi:10.1080/01490451.2014.925010

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1, 2). This trend is consistent with other reports on aeromycological research of underground sites during the summer (Pusz et al, 2014(Pusz et al, , 2015. Altogether, 18 different fungal spores were detected in the air samples of the cave.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Natural and artificial underground ecosystems are mainly the place of occurrence of fungi belonging to the phylum Ascomycota (Vanderwolf, et al, 2013). In the summer, fungi of the genera Cladosporium usually dominate underground sites, and Penicillium species in the winter (Pusz et al, 2015;Ogórek et al, 2017). Currently, 44 genera of airborne fungi have been detected in Slovakian caves, and most species belong to the Penicillium (Nováková, 2009;Ogórek et al, 2016 a, b, c, d;2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speleomycology of air in Demänovská Cave of Liberty (Slovakia) and new airborne species for fungal sites

Ogórek¹

2018

JCKS

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The study is the first report of the fungal air quality in the Demänovská Cave of Liberty, Slovakia, which is one of the most visited caves in Slovakia (Low Tatras). A total of 108 air samples were collected in June 2014 using the microbiological air sampler "Air Ideal 3P" and Potato Dextrose Agar medium. Fungi were identified based on phenotypic tests and ITS regions analysis. Air samples collected from underground sites contained fewer propagules of fungi (from 86.7 to 126.7 colony-forming units per m 3 of air) than outdoor air samples (391.7). Altogether, the incidence of 18 different fungal species were found in the air of the cave, and most of them were isolated from the indoor samples. Cladosporium macrocarpum spores dominated in this study. The fungal species such as Bjerkandera adusta, Exophiala xenobiotica, Fusarium lateritium, Penicillium aurantiacobrunneum, and Trichoderma citrinoviride were detected for the first time in the internal air of underground sites. Overall, fungal air quality of the Demänovská Cave does not pose a biological threat to people and animals with undamaged immune systems according to most standards of fungal sir contamination. However, some of the airborne fungi detected in the cave can pose a risk to persons and animals with weakened immune systems or people who have fungal allergies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speleomycology of air in Demänovská Cave of Liberty (Slovakia) and new airborne species for fungal sites

Ogórek¹

2018

JCKS

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“…Moreover, air samplers, such as the Air Ideal 3P sampler, are small in size, so they are useful for application in difficult conditions such as underground sites (Ogórek and Lejman, 2015). Ogórek et al (2014aOgórek et al ( , 2014bOgórek et al ( , 2014c and Pusz et al (2014Pusz et al ( , 2015, who studied fungi from air in underground sites, reported that higher levels of fungi were isolated from outside sites than from inside, as found in our study. Ecosystems such as underground sites, when compared to the external environment, are very unfavorable for survival and development of fungi due to the relatively stable low temperatures and very restricted availability of organic matter (Poulson and White, 1969;Barton and Northup, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In the middle zone relative darkness prevails, with fluctuating temperature. In the dark zone, in which total darkness and constant temperature prevail, the least fungi are usually isolated (Poulson and White, 1969;Koilraj and Marimuthu, 1998;Pusz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speleomycology of air and rock surfaces in Driny Cave (Lesser Carpathians, Slovakia)

Ogórek¹,

Dyląg²,

Višňovská³

et al. 2016

JCKS

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This paper is a speleomycological report from Driny Cave in the Lesser Carpathian Mountains, Slovakia. The samples were collected in July 2014 from one location outside and five locations inside the cave. To examine the air, the Air Ideal 3P sampler was used. Samples from the rock surfaces were collected using sterile swabs wetted in physiological saline (0.85% NaCl). The density of filamentous fungi isolated from the air inside and outside the cave ranged from 89.6 to 1284.7 colony-forming units per 1 m 3 of air and from 38.3 to 588.5 CFU per m 2 of the rock surface. Six species of filamentous fungi were isolated from the external air samples, and eleven species of filamentous fungi and three species of yeast-like fungi from the internal air samples. Fungi belonging to the Cladosporium genus were the most frequently isolated species from the internal and the external air. Six species of filamentous fungi and two species of yeast-like fungi were isolated from the surface of the rocks inside the cave and only two species from the samples collected outside the cave. Among the fungi isolated from the rock surfaces most frequently were Penicillium chrysogenum, P. granulatum, and Trichoderma harzianum. The concentration of airborne fungi inside the cave did not exceed official limits and norms stated as safe for health of tourists. However, the species found here can cause degradation of rock surfaces.

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“…On the other hand, Pusz et al (2015) isolated from the newly discovered cave Jarkowicka, visited so far by few people, 22 species of fungi, whose concentration in the air, depending on the measure point, ranged from 76 to 200 CFU/m 3 . Cladosporium cladosporioides was the fungus most frequently isolated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne bacteria and fungi in a coal mine in Poland

Rdzanek¹,

Pusz²,

Gębarowska³

et al. 2015

JCKS

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We determined the species composition and the concentration of colony forming units of airborne bacteria and fungi in a coal mine in Poland. We sampled at six locations in a working shaft at about 500-600 m below ground level. Air samples were collected between 6 and 9 a.m. using the impact method onto Potato Dextrose Agar and TSA. The volume of air filtered for each coalmine sample was 50 L. We found 11 fungal species, with Penicillium meleagrinum and P. notatum as the most common. Six bacterial genera were identified, with Micrococcus spp. as the most common. There were no pathogenic fungi or bacteria identified. The concentration of fungal spores and bacteria in the coal mine air is not a direct hazard to mine workers.

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The Occurrence of Fungi in the Recently Discovered Jarkowicka Cave in the Karkonosze Mts. (Poland)

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Speleomycology of air in Demänovská Cave of Liberty (Slovakia) and new airborne species for fungal sites

Speleomycology of air in Demänovská Cave of Liberty (Slovakia) and new airborne species for fungal sites

Speleomycology of air and rock surfaces in Driny Cave (Lesser Carpathians, Slovakia)

Airborne bacteria and fungi in a coal mine in Poland

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