The occurrence of mastitis and its effect on the milk malondialdehyde concentrations and blood enzymatic antioxidants in dairy cows

Abstract

Early identification of mastitis is a serious challenge for dairy farmers and veterinarians in ensuring the health of an animal and the hygienic quality of the produced milk. The purpose of this study was to detect the occurrence and aetiology of mastitis in a dairy herd of 15 milked cows localised in a farm in west Slovakia. During the complex investigation, 606 quarter milk samples were examined (6 quarters were discarded) and classified based on the clinical status, the presence of abnormal udder secretions, the result of the California mastitis test (CMT), the somatic cell count (SCC) and the bacteriological identification of the pathogens causing the intramammary infection (IMI). The study was augmented by the detection of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the milk and the measurements of the blood enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as potential biomarkers for the udder health screening. A positive CMT score was recorded in 19.5% (118) of the examined quarters and 12.5% (76) of the quarters were infected with bacterial pathogens causing latent mastitis (LM; 1.3%), subclinical mastitis (SM; 8.3%), and clinical mastitis (CM; 2.9%). The most commonly isolated bacteria from the infected quarters were coagulase-negative staphylococci (55.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.8%) and streptococci (10.5%). The concentration of MDA and SCC were significantly higher from both the SM and CM cases than in the milk samples from the healthy cows, while the blood activities of SOD and GPx were lower in the cows with CM compared to the healthy cows. The higher MDA concentrations in the SM and CM milk observed in this study showed the presence of an oxidative stress in the infected milk, accompanied by a decrease in the antioxidative enzymatic activity in the blood of the cows. Therefore, the measurement of the milk MDA concentration and the activity of the blood SOD and GPx may prove insightful for the better screening of the udder health in the early diagnosis of mastitis.

Presence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from animals in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Cyprus

“…As has been stated earlier (Hosseinzadeh and Saei 2014;Vakkamaki et al 2017), the isolation of a CoNS species in a pure culture was regarded as remarkable, and they were ascribed as the causative agents of the subclinical mastitis cases examined herein. The results presented in the current study were in full agreement with the results of Alekish (2015), Srednik et al (2017) and Zigo et al (2019) who reported S. chromogenes as the most prevalent species, whereas, there were slight differences with the findings of Cervinkova et al (2013), El-Jakee et al (2013 and Hosseinzadeh and Saei (2014) who described other species as the most widespread. Such differences were not considered as unexpected because of the possible differences of the CoNS strains circulating among the cattle populations in a given geographic location.…”

“…Various CoNS species including S. sciuri (Cervinkova et al 2013), S. chromogenes, S. epidermidis andS. haemolyticus (Alekish 2015;Srednik et al 2017;Zigo et al 2019) have been described as the most prevalent isolates obtained from either the clinical or subclinical bovine mastitis. After detecting S. chromogenes and S. epidermidis as the most frequently isolated species with frequencies of 19.4% and 16.7%, respectively, Alekish (2015) concluded that the subclinical mastitis caused by CoNS should be considered as a significant heath issue for dairy heifers in Jordan.…”

“…Veterinarni Medicina, 65, 2020 (05): 191-198 https://doi.org/10.17221/166/2019-VETMED countries recently (Vanderhaeghen et al 2015;Bhat et al 2017;Srednik et al 2017;Vakkamaki et al 2017;Nobrega et al 2018). At present, more than 15 CoNS species have been described in the aetiology of mastitis in dairy cows, with S. chromogenes, S. simulans, S. xylosus, S. epidermidis, S. hyicus and S. haemolyticus being the most commonly isolated species (Cervinkova et al 2013;Alekish 2015;Vanderhaeghen et al 2015;Zigo et al 2019).…”

Systemic inflammatory biomarkers and somatic cell count in dairy cows with subclinical mastitis

“…A reduction in oxidative stress in bovines with mastitis was observed by increasing the consumption of dietary antioxidants ( Sharma, Verma, Rahal, Kumar & Nigam, 2016 ). The early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis through the use of the relation between MDA and enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, GPx) has been reported ( Abdel-Hamied & Mahmoud, 2020 ; Mahapatra, Panigrahi, Patra, Rout & Ganguly, 2018 ; Yang et al., 2011 ; Zigo et al., 2019 ).…”

The Etiology of Mastitis and its Impact on Lipid Peroxidation Product of Dairy Cows

“…The accumulation of the ROS correlating with a chemical and physical changes in the milk and can lead to oxidative stress. Increase of oxidative stress in dairy cows because of high milk production can result in excess accumulation of ROS, which can induce lipid peroxidation and reduction of antioxidative activity [2].…”