The occurrence of the bedbugs Cimex hemipterus and Cimex lectularius in northern Natal and KwaZulu, South Africa

Newberry, K.; Jansen, E.; Thibaud, G. R.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90160-x

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Cimex lectularius is most prevalent in temperate regions, whereas C. hemipterus is found mainly in tropical and subtropical regions [8, 10]. However, there is overlap in the regions where both species can be found, such as Thailand [11, 12], Africa [13, 14], Australia [15–17] and more recently in Florida, USA [18]. Approximately 70% of people who are bitten by C. lectularius experience allergic reactions ranging from mild to severe, including itchiness, erythematous rash, or urticaria [19–22], although fewer people react on initial exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a [205]Bangladesh C. hemipterus [206]China (Mainland) C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [207, 208]Taiwan C. hemipterus [209]India C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [29, 205]Iran C. lectularius [210]Israel C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [211, 212]Japan C. lectularius [213]Kuwait C. lectularius [214]Malaysia C. hemipterus [129, 215–217]Pakistan C. lectularius [218]Singapore C. hemipterus [215]South Korea C. lectularius [219]Sri Lanka C. hemipterus [56]Thailand C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [12, 220]AfricaEthiopia Cimex spp. a [221]Kenya C. hemipterus [17]Nigeria C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [222, 223]Rwanda C. hemipterus [224]Sierra Leone C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [14]South Africa C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [13]Tanzania C. lectularius , C. hemipterus [55, 225]Uganda Cimex spp. a [226]AmericasArgentina C. lectularius [227]Brazi...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…malathion, chlorpyrifos, and propoxur) had led to the significant decrease of bed bug infestations worldwide [9]. However, bed bug infestations were still a major problem in some developing countries, such as Sierra Leone [14], South Africa and rural Africa [13, 41, 42], as well as problematic in the poultry industry in many countries [8, 28, 43, 44]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The worldwide resurgence of bed bugs [both Cimex lectularius L. and Cimex hemipterus (F.)] over the past two decades is believed in large part to be due to the development of insecticide resistance. The transcriptomic and genomic studies since 2010, as well as morphological, biochemical and behavioral studies, have helped insecticide resistance research on bed bugs. Multiple resistance mechanisms, including penetration resistance through thickening or remodelling of the cuticle, metabolic resistance by increased activities of detoxification enzymes (e.g. cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases), and knockdown resistance by kdr mutations, have been experimentally identified as conferring insecticide resistance in bed bugs. Other candidate resistance mechanisms, including behavioral resistance, some types of physiological resistance (e.g. increasing activities of esterases by point mutations, glutathione S-transferase, target site insensitivity including altered AChEs, GABA receptor insensitivity and altered nAChRs), symbiont-mediated resistance and other potential, yet undiscovered mechanisms may exist. This article reviews recent studies of resistance mechanisms and the genes governing insecticide resistance, potential candidate resistance mechanisms, and methods of monitoring insecticide resistance in bed bugs. This article provides an insight into the knowledge essential for the development of both insecticide resistance management (IRM) and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for successful bed bug management.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been linked to increased international travel, changes in pest management practices (including increased regulatory constraints removing certain chemical insecticides from operational use) [5], and the wide scale spread of insecticide resistance [6][7][8]. In Africa, tropical bedbug, (Cimex hemipterus L.) distributed throughout warm zones [1], whereas temperate one, C. lectularius L. is common in the rest of the Africa [9]. Bedbugs are wingless, reddish-brown, dorso-ventrally flattened tiny (5-7mm) insects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Evaluation of Insecticidal Activity of Phytolacca Dodecandra L.'Herit Leaves Extracts Against Bedbug, (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

2016

ARC Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although DDT resistance had not been encountered in malaria vectors, DDT resistance has developed in bedbugs (Cimex spp. ); fenitrothion has to be sprayed occasionally to control the bedbugs (16). DDT is sprayed only in mud-walled houses -the white deposit of 2g/m 2 DDT is considered intolerable on plastered walls.…”

Section: Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

¿Debe regresar el uso del DDT para el control de vectores de la malaria?

Curtis

2002

biomedica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indoor residual spraying with DDT was the principle method by which malaria transmission was eradicated or greatly reduced in many countries between the late 1940s and 1970s. Since then, decreasing use of DDT has been associated with a resurgence of malaria in India, Sri Lanka, former Soviet Central Asia, Zanzibar, Venezuela and several other Latin American countries. In India and Zanzibar, DDT resistance in vectors, as well as a decline in spray coverage, are probable causes of reduced effectiveness of DDT in recent decades. In southern Europe, eradication of malaria transmission was achieved by DDT spraying in the 1940s and 50s and eradication has been sustained by adequate treatment of imported human malaria cases. In the highlands of Madagascar and South Africa, recent reversion to DDT spraying has been successful in stemming resurgences of malaria. Continued use of DDT for vector control, but not for agriculture, is approved by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. DDE residues in breast milk have been associated with DDT anti-malaria spraying in South Africa, but it is not known whether this is harmful. A claimed association of DDE residues with breast cancer have not been substantiated. There is a recent report of association of DDE residues with probability of premature birth; the possible relevance of this to anti-malarial use of DDT should be investigated. In Colombia, testing of the DDT stockpile for suspensibility, DDT resistance in Anopheles darlingi and investigation of the present affordability of widespread spraying with DDT, compared with alternative chemicals, are recommended.Key words: indoor residual spraying, malaria eradication, malaria resurgence, DDT resistance, DDE in breast milk, DDE and breast cancer, DDE and premature birth, suspensibility of stockpiled DDT.¿Debe regresar el uso del DDT para el control de vectores de la malaria?La aspersión de DDT en las viviendas fue el principal método de erradicación de la transmisión de la malaria, o de una importante reducción, en muchos países durante las décadas del 40 al 70. Desde entonces, el uso cada vez menor del DDT se ha asociado con la reemergencia de la malaria en India, Sri Lanka, la región de Asia central de la antigua Unión Soviética, Zanzibar, Venezuela y varios países latinoamericanos. En India y Zanzíbar, la resistencia de los vectores al DDT, así como un descenso en las aspersiones, son las causas probables de la efectividad reducida del DDT en las últimas décadas. En el sur de Europa, la erradicación de la transmisión de la malaria se logró con el uso del DDT durante la década del 40 y el 50 y se ha mantenido con el manejo adecuado de los casos importados de malaria. En las tierras altas de Madagascar y Suráfrica, la reciente reutilización del DDT ha tenido éxito en detener el resurgimiento de la malaria. El uso continuo del DDT en el control de vectores, no en la agricultura, está aprobado por la Convención de Estocolmo sobre Contaminantes Orgánicos Persistentes. Los residuos de DDE en la leche materna se h...

show abstract

The occurrence of the bedbugs Cimex hemipterus and Cimex lectularius in northern Natal and KwaZulu, South Africa

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in bed bugs, Cimex spp. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Laboratory Evaluation of Insecticidal Activity of Phytolacca Dodecandra L.'Herit Leaves Extracts Against Bedbug, (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

¿Debe regresar el uso del DDT para el control de vectores de la malaria?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About