The official World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) standards for recording and scoring periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) and wakefulness (PLMW) developed in collaboration with a task force from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG)

Zucconi, Marco; Ferri, Raffaele; Allen, Richard P.; Baier, Paul Christian; Bruni, Oliviero; Chokroverty, Sudhansu; Ferini‐Strambi, Luigi; Fulda, Stephany; Garcı́a-Borreguero, Diego; Hening, Wayne A.; Hirshkowitz, Max; Högl, Birgit; Hornyak, Magdolna; King, Martin; Montagna, Pasquale; Parrino, Liborio; Plazzi, Giuseppe; Terzano, Mario G.

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2006.01.001

Cited by 422 publications

(296 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…PLM during relaxed wakefulness (PLMW) index was 1.5 ± 2.1/h (range 0-7.1/h). At IRLS, two patients had very severe degree of disease (score 31-40), eight had severe degree (score 21-30) and the remaining two had moderate degree (score [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. None of our patients had mild RLS (score 1-10).…”

Section: Demographic and Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Hypopneas, apneas, and respiratory effortrelated arousals were scored using the standard AASM criteria [17]. Episodes of PLMS were defined as leg movements with amplitude increase of 8 μV above the baseline value, duration of 0.5-10 s, a period length between two consecutive movements of 5-90 s, and a minimum of four consecutive movements [18]. Periodic limb movement index (PLMI) was considered pathological if >15/h.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is autonomic nervous system involved in restless legs syndrome during wakefulness?

et al. 2014

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A B S T R A C TObjective: To investigate cardiovascular autonomic function in patients with restless leg syndrome (RLS) by means of cardiovascular reflexes and heart rate variability (HRV) during wakefulness. Methods: Twelve RLS patients and 14 controls underwent cardiovascular function tests including headup tilt test (HUTT), Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, hand grip, and cold face. HRV analysis was performed in the frequency domain using both autoregressive (AR) and fast Fourier transform algorithms in rest supine condition and during HUTT.Results: There was a significant increase in systolic blood pressure values in supine rest condition and a trend toward a lower Valsalva ratio in RLS patients with respect to controls. The significant and physiological changes of HRV at HUTT detected in healthy subjects were not found in RLS patients. Conclusion: RLS patients exhibit a tendency toward hypertension, reduced amplitude of both sympathetic and parasympathetic responses at HUTT, as well as blunted parasympathetic drive to blood pressure changes. These findings, if confirmed by more controlled studies, might support the hypothesis of autonomic nervous system involvement during wakefulness and consequently an enhanced cardiovascular risk in RLS.

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Section: Demographic and Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is autonomic nervous system involved in restless legs syndrome during wakefulness?

et al. 2014

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“…The PSG and SIT tests included bilateral surface electrode measurements of the anterior tibialis EMG. These were scored for periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) and waking using the standard criteria [15], except for the SIT, the maximum duration of a movement was 10 seconds following the recommended scoring for the SIT test [16] and consistent with the new WASM criteria for scoring PLM [17]. The PSG also provided measures of the total sleep time and sleep efficiency defined as time in bed divided by total sleep time.…”

Section: Questionnaires and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous iron sucrose in restless legs syndrome

et al. 2009

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Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain whether high-dose intravenous (IV) iron sucrose could improve symptoms and change brain iron concentrations in idiopathic RLS. Methods:The study was a randomized, parallel-group double-blind study of 1000 mg iron sucrose given IV versus placebo. Primary measures of the clinical status were global rating scale (GRS) and periodic leg movements of sleep (PLMS). Primary measures of brain iron status were CSF ferritin and MRI-determined iron in the substantia nigra.Results: At the time of the interim analysis there were 7 placebo and 11 iron-treated subjects. At 2-weeks post-treatment, iron treatment resulted in a small but significant increase in CSF ferritin and decrease in RLS severity (GRS) but did not change PLMS or MRI iron index. None of the secondary outcomes changed with treatment. There was no single case of clear treatment benefit in any of the patients. This interim analysis revealed an effect size that was too small to allow for adequate power to find significant differences with the planed 36-subject enrollment for either the primary objective outcome of PLMS or any of the secondary outcomes. The study was stopped at this planned breakpoint given the lack of both adequate power and any indication for clinically significant benefit.Conclusions: High-dose IV iron failed to demonstrate the robust changes reported in three prior open-label studies. Differences in iron formulation, dosing regiment, and peripheral iron status may explain some of the discrepancies between this and previous IV iron treatment studies.

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“…Nach den Kriterien der World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) [18] und American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) [2] …”

Section: Merkmale Periodischer Beinbewegungen In Der Elektromyographieunclassified

Detektion periodischer Beinbewegungen im Schlaf

et al. 2017

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The official World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) standards for recording and scoring periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) and wakefulness (PLMW) developed in collaboration with a task force from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG)

Cited by 422 publications

References 11 publications

Is autonomic nervous system involved in restless legs syndrome during wakefulness?

Is autonomic nervous system involved in restless legs syndrome during wakefulness?

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous iron sucrose in restless legs syndrome

Detektion periodischer Beinbewegungen im Schlaf

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