The Old-Age Security Motive for Fertility

Nugent, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.2307/1973379

Cited by 248 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This suggests that child labor is associated with high child fertility, a feature consistent with theories emphasizing the trade-o¤ between child quantity and quality (e.g. Becker, Murphy & Tamura 1990, Nugent 1985.…”

Section: Controlling For Household and Child Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…2 Household chores are counted as part of these 1 It is conceivable that parents' decisions regarding the number of children they choose to have be partly determined by their labor needs (e.g. Rosenzweig & Evenson 1977, Wolpin 1984, Nugent 1985, Rosenzweig & Schultz 1987, Becker, Murphy & Tamura 1990). We do not reject this possibility but, in the analysis presented here, we focus on child labor conditional on household composition.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child labor, urban proximity, and household composition

Fafchamps

Wahba

2006

Journal of Development Economics

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Child Labor, Urban Proximity and Household CompositionMarcel Fafchamps Jackline Wahba The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ABSTRACT Child Labor, Urban Proximity and Household Composition *Using detailed survey data from Nepal, this paper examines the determinants of child labor with a special emphasis on urban proximity. We find that children residing in or near urban centers attend school more and work less in total but are more likely to be involved in wage work or in a small business. The larger the urban center, the stronger the effect is. Urban proximity is found to reduce the workload of children and improve school attendance up to 3 hours of travel time from the city. In areas of commercialized agriculture located 3 to 7 hours from the city, children do more farm work. Urban proximity effects are accounted for by a combination of local labor supply and demand conditions, most notably the local importance of agriculture, the education level of the parents, and the local wage rate. Child servants, which represent a small proportion of all children, work much harder than other children and appear particularly at risk.JEL Classification: J10, J22, J24, J40, N35

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Section: Controlling For Household and Child Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child labor, urban proximity, and household composition

Fafchamps

Wahba

2006

Journal of Development Economics

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“…They conclude, rather, that these transfers are consistent with either the investment point of view (which we take here) or the view that children are repaying parents for implicit loans made when the children were young (which is considered in Boldrin and Montes (1997)). Similar empirical Þndings are reported in Jensen (1990), while an even earlier assessment of the strong empirical evidence supporting the "old-age security" hypothesis can be found in Nugent (1985).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Mortality, Fertility, and Saving in a Malthusian Economy

Boldrin

Jones

2002

Review of Economic Dynamics

175

159

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“…Nugent's (1985) review of the literature on support in old age and fertility documents much controversy, but most evidence indicates that decisions on having children are motivated at least partly by the desire to insure against the uncertainties associated with old age. Support from children in old age includes time-intensive care in addition to money (see Butz and Stan 1982).…”

Section: Transfers As Social Insurancementioning

confidence: 99%