“…The original intent of workers bargaining as a unit rather than individually was to balance the playing field in the workplace between employee and employer in an attempt to protect the rights of the employee in relation to wages, benefits and workplace conditions (Bain, 1970;Kaufman, 2005). With the intercession of the federal government in 1935, unionized private sector employees were afforded bargaining protection in part to promote social equity and democracy in the workplace while at the same time attempting to avoid any disruption of commerce (McCartin, 2008;O'Connell, 2001;Vinel, 2007). In the public sector, unionization and the afforded protection of employee bargaining rights did not gain a strong foothold in the United States until nearly a quarter of a century later with the passing of Kennedy's Federal Executive Order 10988 in 1962 (Falvey, 2002;Piskulich, 1992).…”