The olfactory centers in Crustaceans

Hanström, Bertil

doi:10.1002/cne.900380302

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…Accordingly, insect MBs have been described as one of the key neural structures to encode and retain experiences not just in olfactory instances but also in spatial-and context-dependent memory paradigms (3,8,(14)(15)(16)(17). As for the hippocampus in the vertebrate brain (9), the MBs have been proposed to be involved in linking learned items within a contextual framework (8).Supporting the hypothesis of a common origin for the highorder memory centers in bilateral animals are the studies showing evidence of structural homology between the MBs of insects and the HBs of crustaceans (12,18). The similarities between MBs and HBs in regard to morphological and immunoreactive patterns [including the major catalytic subunit of protein kinase A and Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), proteins required in memory processes] are relevant evidence of genealogical correspondence of these arthropod brains' higher centers (12,19).…”

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confidence: 55%

“…Remarkably, in vertebrate archipallium structures, in MBs, and in HBs, several orthologous genes whose proteins play a critical role in the plasticity associated with memory processes (including p-CaMKII) show similar expression patterns (6). The present study tested the proposed similarity in functions (i.e., high-order memory processes) of MBs and HBs (13,18,25), a feature that adds functional evidence to the homology hypothesis (6,22,53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Context-dependent memory traces in the crab’s mushroom bodies: Functional support for a common origin of high-order memory centers

Maza

Sztarker

Shkedy

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The hypothesis of a common origin for the high-order memory centers in bilateral animals is based on the evidence that several key features, including gene expression and neuronal network patterns, are shared across several phyla. Central to this hypothesis is the assumption that the arthropods' higher order neuropils of the forebrain [the mushroom bodies (MBs) of insects and the hemiellipsoid bodies (HBs) of crustaceans] are homologous structures. However, even though involvement in memory processes has been repeatedly demonstrated for the MBs, direct proof of such a role in HBs is lacking. Here, through neuroanatomical and immunohistochemical analysis, we identified, in the crab Neohelice granulata, HBs that resemble the calyxless MBs found in several insects. Using in vivo calcium imaging, we revealed training-dependent changes in neuronal responses of vertical and medial lobes of the HBs. These changes were stimulus-specific, and, like in the hippocampus and MBs, the changes reflected the context attribute of the memory trace, which has been envisioned as an essential feature for the HBs. The present study constitutes functional evidence in favor of a role for the HBs in memory processes, and provides key physiological evidence supporting a common origin of the arthropods' high-order memory centers.L earning skills vary across species depending upon specific adaptations to environmental features (1). However, beyond such adaptations, different species share many of the basic mechanisms involved in learning and memory. Both the molecular machinery involved in neural plasticity and the dynamics of the memory processes are conserved throughout evolution (2-5). This characteristic is critical to the hypothesis of a common origin of the high-order memory centers in bilateral animals (6, 7), centers that play a fundamental role in learning and memory by orchestrating high-order sensory processing within contextual frameworks (8, 9). The idea that these centers evolved from the same structure in a common ancestor has been reborn after the remarkable study of Tomer et al. (7) indicating deep homology of mushroom bodies (MBs) and the vertebrate pallium that dates back the origin of higher brain centers to the protostome-deuterostome ancestor times. The vertebrate pallium and the annelid MBs have a conserved overall molecular brain topology and neuron types (7). Furthermore, MBs and the hippocampus' dentate gyrus share the ability to generate new neurons during adult life (6,10,11). In this context, a recent study by Wolff and Strausfeld (6) has proposed that the similarities in both neuronal architectures and protein expression patterns between the mammalian hippocampus, the MBs, and the hemiellipsoid bodies (HBs) of crustaceans are important indicators of genealogical correspondence.MBs are complex paired structures of the forebrain of invertebrate species and have been vastly studied in insects (12). Since their description in the mid-1850s, the MBs have been considered higher order brain centers involved in memory...

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confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Context-dependent memory traces in the crab’s mushroom bodies: Functional support for a common origin of high-order memory centers

Maza

Sztarker

Shkedy

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Because, as stated by Hanström [1947] and Sandeman et al [1992], the ALs appear to be a derived character of the Eureptantia brain, and no trace of them has been found in any of the decapods that are considered to have arisen earlier in the evolutionary history of these animals, other brain regions may perform the functional roles assigned to the AL. One of these brain regions might be the OL, which could be involved in additional functions besides receiving inputs from chemosensory organs, as reported by Hanström [1925].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

New Insights on the Olfactory Lobe of Decapod Crustaceans

Ammar

Nazari

Müller³

et al. 2008

Brain Behav Evol

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Studies on the crustacean nervous system have been responsible for advances in neuroscience and continue to play an important role in comparative neurobiology. The organization of crustacean brains provides clues about their phylogeny and might also offer some hints regarding their lifestyles. In this study, we compared the organization of specific brain regions of three species of marine shrimp with two species of freshwater prawns, making possible the identification of a pathway issuing from the periphery and cluster 9, which was not previously identified in freshwater prawns and shrimp. Although the brains of the species studied show the same general organization of other crustaceans, variations in the structural organization of the olfactory lobe, evidenced by different immuno-markers, were observed between shrimp species and prawns. In contrast to shrimp, the more well-defined organization of the olfactory lobe in freshwater prawns might reflect greater integration in the processing of olfactory information. Also, in freshwater prawns we described fibers organized as a tract similar to the deutocerebral commissure.

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“…Correspondingly, the primary olfactory neuropil, the olfactory lobe, is one of the most prominent synaptic regions in the brains of these animals (Hanström 1925). The central olfactory pathways of decapod crustaceans, like those of most vertebrate taxa, are also characterized by the life-long addition of new neurons (Schmidt 1997;Schmidt and Harzsch 1999;Beltz and Sandeman 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cluster 10 in these animals, therefore, is comprised of at least two groups of interneurons (OL projection neurons, AL projection neurons) with distinct functional identities . The axons of the OL projection neurons join with those of the AL projection neurons upon leaving the lobes to form a large tract, known as the olfactory globular tract (OGT), which bifurcates in the centre of the brain before projecting bilaterally to higher-order regions of the brain, known collectively as the lateral protocerebrum (Hanström 1925;Sullivan and Beltz 2004). Most cluster 10 projection neurons express the neuropeptide crustaceanSIFamide (Yasuda et al 2004;Sullivan and Beltz 2005b,c;Yasuda-Kamatani and Yasuda 2006;Sullivan et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult neurogenesis and cell cycle regulation in the crustacean olfactory pathway: from glial precursors to differentiated neurons

et al. 2007

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Adult neurogenesis is a characteristic feature of the olfactory pathways of decapod crustaceans. In crayfish and clawed lobsters, adult-born neurons are the progeny of precursor cells with glial characteristics located in a neurogenic niche on the ventral surface of the brain. The daughters of these precursor cells migrate during S and G 2 stages of the cell cycle along glial fibers to lateral (cluster 10) and medial (cluster 9) proliferation zones. Here, they divide (M phase) producing offspring that differentiate into olfactory interneurons. The complete lineage of cells producing neurons in these animals, therefore, is arranged along the migratory stream according to cell cycle stage. We have exploited this model to examine the influence of environmental and endogenous factors on adult neurogenesis. We find that increased levels of serotonin upregulate neuronal production, as does maintaining animals in an enriched (versus deprived) environment or augmenting their diet with omega-3 fatty acids; increased levels of nitric oxide, on the other hand, decrease the rate of neurogenesis. The features of the neurogenic niche and migratory streams, and the fact that these continue to function in vitro, provide opportunities unavailable in other organisms to explore the sequence of cellular and molecular events leading to the production of new neurons in adult brains.

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The olfactory centers in Crustaceans

Cited by 64 publications

References 4 publications

Context-dependent memory traces in the crab’s mushroom bodies: Functional support for a common origin of high-order memory centers

Context-dependent memory traces in the crab’s mushroom bodies: Functional support for a common origin of high-order memory centers

New Insights on the Olfactory Lobe of Decapod Crustaceans

Adult neurogenesis and cell cycle regulation in the crustacean olfactory pathway: from glial precursors to differentiated neurons

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