The onset of cambium activity – A matter of agreement?

Frankenstein, Claus; Eckstein, Dieter; Schmitt, Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2005.07.007

Cited by 86 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, by the time of full leaf expansion in oak, on average 80% of the earlywood vessels were completely formed, while in ash all vessels were fully developed (SassKlaassen et al 2011). In ash by around April 20th, some large earlywood vessels had already formed (Frankenstein et al 2005). Generally, in ring-porous trees, the first earlywood vessels are formed 2-6 weeks before bud break (Suzuki et al 1996;Kudo et al 2015), and it is also worth emphasizing that the lignification of the first-formed vessels in stems was observed from 2 weeks before, up to 4 weeks after, leaf appearance (Takahashi et al 2013).…”

Section: Relationships Between Leaf Phenology and Earlywood-vessel Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactivation of the cambium was histologically defined by an increased number of cambial cells and the occurrence of newly formed xylem cells in early developmental stages (Prislan et al 2011). Due to methodological limitations, we were not able to define whether the initial earlywood vessels were formed from un-matured overwintered cells or from newly divided cambial derivatives (Frankenstein et al 2005). The onset of xylogenesis was defined by the appearance of earlywood cells adjacent to the cambium.…”

Section: Sample Preparation Measurement and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

et al. 2017

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We monitored leaf phenology and xylogenesis of 12 Pedunculate oaks in northern Poland in 2014. We hypothesized that the individual trees, which differed in size, age and habitat (tree stand or gap), also diverged in terms of the seasonal patterns of leaf phenology and xylogenesis. The samples used for wood formation observations were collected most frequently during the early leaf phenophases (from March to end of June). The transverse sections of the cambial region were cut with a sledge microtome. We counted the number of cambial cells, measured the width of xylem increment and assessed the timing of xylogenesis and earlywood-vessel formation. We found significant differences in leaf phenology and timing of xylogenesis among individual trees. The smallest differences in wood formation among the trees were observed at the beginning of the vegetation season when the first earlywood vessels were detected (9 days). The dates of completion of the first tangential row of earlywood vessels varied by up to 30 days, while for the completion of the entire earlywood dates varied by up to 32 days. The highest productivity of cambial cells (13 cell layers) was observed around the time of bud swelling at mid-April. In the last days of April, the number of cambial cell layers decreased and subsequently increased again when the leaves were nearly fully expanded at the end of May. To summarize, we observed a high seasonal variability in the number of cambial cell layers. Differences in the time of cessation of cambial activity and xylogenesis amounted to 1 month. We conclude that: (1) oak tree-ring widths and earlywoodvessel sizes and numbers may not be sensitive indicators for early spring temperature and spring defoliation; (2) the missing association between leaf phenophases and xylogenesis as well as the phenological variability may be the reasons for the lack of a clear climatic effect on the abovementioned parameters.

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Section: Relationships Between Leaf Phenology and Earlywood-vessel Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparation Measurement and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

et al. 2017

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“…Hence, xylogenesis begins prior to budburst in ring-porous trees. In certain ring-porous species (deciduous oaks), the onset of cambial division is the first step of spring resumption (Gričar 2010;González-González et al 2013), whereas in others (e.g., Fraxinus excelsior), overwintering vessels start to enlarge before budburst (SassKlaassen et al 2011) and cambial division is resumed after budburst (Frankenstein et al 2005). In conifers, the resumption of cambium activity generally occurs before budburst (Rossi et al 2009;Gruber et al 2010;Cuny et al 2012;Michelot et al 2012;Huang et al 2014).…”

Section: Integrated Phenology At the Tree Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Delpierre

Vitasse

Chuine

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

231

192

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Abstract& Key message We demonstrate that, beyond leaf phenology, the phenological cycles of wood and fine roots present clear responses to environmental drivers in temperate and boreal trees. These drivers should be included in terrestrial ecosystem models. & Context In temperate and boreal trees, a dormancy period prevents organ development during adverse climatic conditions. Whereas the phenology of leaves and flowers has received considerable attention, to date, little is known regarding the phenology of other tree organs such as wood, fine roots, fruits, and reserve compounds. & Aims Here, we review both the role of environmental drivers in determining the phenology of tree organs and the models used to predict the phenology of tree organs in temperate and boreal forest trees. & Results Temperature is a key driver of the resumption of tree activity in spring, although its specific effects vary among organs. There is no such clear dominant environmental cue involved in the cessation of tree activity in autumn and in the onset of dormancy, but temperature, photoperiod, and water stress appear as prominent factors. The phenology of a given organ is, to a certain extent, influenced by processes in distant organs. & Conclusion Inferring past trends and predicting future trends of tree phenology in a changing climate requires specific phenological models developed for each organ to consider the phenological cycle as an ensemble in which the environmental cues that trigger each phase are also indirectly involved in the subsequent phases. Incorporating such models into terrestrial ecosystem models (TEMs) would likely improve the accuracy of their predictions. The extent to which the coordination of the phenologies of tree organs will be affected in a changing climate deserves further research.

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“…Tout comme au niveau de la tige, les racines doivent croître d'année en année pour subvenir aux besoins grandissants de l'arbre (Schweingruber 1996;Plomion et al 2001;Vaganov et al 2006). Bien qu'il puisse y avoir des différences anatomiques et physiologiques entre ces deux parties (Panshin et de Zeeuw 1970;Savidge 2000), l'assise de cette croissance secondaire y est similaire et celle-ci est effectuée à partir d'un réseau continue de cellules méristématiques, le cambium vasculaire, qui a la particularité de donner lieu à deux systèmes tissulaires aux fonctions spécialisées : le xylème et le phloème (Bannan 1955;Wilson et al 1966;Catesson 1994;Larson 1994;Savidge 1996Savidge , 2000Frankenstein et al 2005). La formation du xylème (i. e. la xylogenèse), est un processus complexe qui s'amorce avec des divisions périclinales au sein des cellules cambiales et qui implique la formation de nouvelles cellules initiales fiisiformes qui seront éventuellement appelées à se différencier pour atteindre leur forme finale de maturité et ainsi former un tissu hétérogène (Larson 1994;Chaffey 2002a;Gricar et al 2006).…”

Section: Liste Des Tableauxunclassified

“…En effet, on observe une différence dans le diamètre radial des trachéides produites par le cambium vasculaire au début et à la fin de la saison de croissance (Wodzicki 1971;Vysotskaya et Vaganov 1989), ce qui engendre une transition graduelle entre le bois initial, qui sert principalement au transport de la sève brute et le bois final, qui sert surtout à stabiliser la plante (Whitmore et Zahner 1966;Schweingruber 1996). La réactivation cambiale et la xylogenèse sont aussi modulées par la coordination d'une multitude de facteurs génétiques (internes) ou environnementaux (externes) (Bannan 1955;Savidge 1994Savidge , 1996Savidge , 2000Schweingruber 1996;Frankenstein et al 2005;Gricar et al 2005Gricar et al , 2006Gricar et al , 2007 agissant sur la synthèse de phytohormones indispensables à la croissance telle que l'auxine (acide indole-3-acétique [AIA]). (Wodzicki et Zajaczkowski 1983;Riding et Little 1984, 1986Savidge 1994Savidge , 1996Savidge , 2000Savidge et Fõrster 1998;Wodzicki 2001 ou climatiques (par exemple température et précipitation) (Briffa et al 1998(Briffa et al , 2002Krause et Morin 1998Vaganov et al 2006 (Kutscha et al 1975;Bãucker et al 1998;Wodzicki 2001;Marion et al 2007), dans la zone boréale et en altitude (Rossi et al 2006a(Rossi et al , 2006b(Rossi et al , 2006cSchmitt et al 2004) ou en forêt tropicale (Rao et Rajput 2001a, 2001b …”

Section: Liste Des Tableauxunclassified

activité cambiale et la xylogenèse des tiges et des racines d'Abies balsamea (L.) MILL. et de Picea mariana (MILL.) B.S.P. /

Thibeault-Martel¹

2008

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The onset of cambium activity – A matter of agreement?

Cited by 86 publications

References 9 publications

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

Does tree-ring formation follow leaf phenology in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)?

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

activité cambiale et la xylogenèse des tiges et des racines d'Abies balsamea (L.) MILL. et de Picea mariana (MILL.) B.S.P. /

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