The Onset of Hadronic Supercriticality in Expanding Sources

Florou, Ioulia; Mastichiadis, Apostolos

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2002.12098

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“…Therefore, the question that naturally arises is whether supercriticalities can even exist in such a scenario, and if yes, in what way they are manifested. Some preliminary results which show that supercriticalities do exist even in expanding sources are presented in Florou & Mastichiadis (2019).…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap to hadronic supercriticalities: a comprehensive study of the parameter space for high-energy astrophysical sources

Mastichiadis,

Florou,

Kefala

et al. 2020

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Hadronic supercriticalities are radiative instabilities that appear when large amounts of energy are stored in relativistic protons. When the proton energy density exceeds some critical value, a runaway process is initiated resulting in the explosive transfer of the proton energy into electron-positron pairs and radiation and the increase of the photon-to-proton efficiency. We perform a comprehensive study of the parameter space by investigating the onset of hadronic supercriticalities for a wide range of source parameters (i.e., magnetic field strengths of 1 G−100 kG and radii of 10 11 cm−10 16 cm) and maximum proton Lorentz factors (10 3 − 10 9 ). We show that supercriticalities are possible for the whole range of source parameters related to compact astrophysical sources, like gamma-rays bursts, cores and jets of active galactic nuclei. We also provide an in-depth look at the physical mechanisms of hadronic supercriticalities and show that magnetized relativistic plasmas are excellent examples of non-linear dynamical systems in high-energy astrophysics.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%