The Ontogeny of Somatic Stem Cells

Tropepe, Vincent; Turksen, Kursad

doi:10.1007/s12015-012-9370-y

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Another view is that individual populations of the stem cell lineage can produce a functional plasticity through modulation of their differentiation by dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation [13] . Rather than a unique catalog of cells, it has been proposed that variations in the stem cell lineage might be achieved transiently [7] . Evidence indicates that the niche does not always elect predetermination of the stem cell lineage but individual signaling imposes specific behavior on them [67] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the stem-progenitor cell population is normally depleted or destroyed by trauma, differentiated cells from the niche microenvironment can restore the specific stem potency which suggests the process of dedifferentiation. that affects or depletes the cell population [7] . Studies on quiescent stem cells indicate they are maintained by epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional controls [8] .…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Adaptability of Somatic Stem Cells: A Review

Tweedell

2017

JSRM

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Adult somatic stem cells (SSCs) are self-renewing groups of cells in tissues and organs that can produce specific lineages of precursor cells leading to differentiated cell progeny. They are retained from organogenesis throughout life for cell maintenance, repair and regeneration [1] . During differentiation SSCs are established in unique cell/ECM niches. Niches are tissue specific sites in vivo consisting of differentiated cells that modulate stem cells. The niche histological composition varies extensively in different tissues but often includes stromal cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels, neurons and tissue related precursor differentiated cells [2] . The stem cell population is often a mixture of quiescent stem cells (or active stem cells) and progenitor cells in various levels of differentiation. The surrounding niche cells regulate stem and progenitor cells and serve both as a specific topographical and functional site [3,4,5] . SSCs are often multipotent and their lineage leads to uni-potent progenitors for terminal differentiated cells. Activated stem cells divide symmetrically to produce identical cells for self-renewal. Alternatively, an asymmetric cell division produces a reserve stem cell and a cytoplasmic partitioned progenitor cell committed to a specific pathway. Where there is a cyclic demand for somatic cell renewal, short lived, intermediate transit amplifying (TA) cells proliferate extensively before differentiation into adult cells [4,5] . The resident population of diverse progenitors is possibly recruited and selected for their developmental potential to meet a specific function. The niche modulates stem cell function needed to maintain physiological needs for homeostasis and organismic variations in growth, maturation, reproduction and senescence that can alter stem/progenitor behavior [6] . Stem cells and their progeny within the niche may also be transient rather than fixed and adaptable to unusual conditions during tissue homeostasis or trauma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Adaptability of Somatic Stem Cells: A Review

Tweedell

2017

JSRM

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“… 1 The majority of recent studies have mainly focused on two types of stem cells: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs), also known as somatic tissue or mesenchymal stem cells. 2 ESCs are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and are capable of differentiating into the three embryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, thus contributing to the formation of almost every cell type. ASCs reside in tissue-specific niches in a quiescent state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concept of radiation-enhanced stem cell differentiation

Mieloch

Suchorska

2015

Radiology and Oncology

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BackgroundEfficient stem cell differentiation is considered to be the holy grail of regenerative medicine. Pursuing the most productive method of directed differentiation has been the subject of numerous studies, resulting in the development of many effective protocols. However, the necessity for further improvement in differentiation efficiency remains. This review contains a description of molecular processes underlying the response of stem cells to ionizing radiation, indicating its potential application in differentiation procedures. In the first part, the radiation-induced damage response in various types of stem cells is described. Second, the role of the p53 protein in embryonic and adult stem cells is highlighted. Last, the hypothesis on the mitochondrial involvement in stem cell development including its response to ionizing radiation is presented.ConclusionsIn summary, despite the many threats of ionizing radiation concerning genomic instability, subjecting cells to the appropriate dosage of ionizing radiation may become a useful method for enhancing directed differentiation in certain stem cell types.

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The Ontogeny of Somatic Stem Cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

The Adaptability of Somatic Stem Cells: A Review

The Adaptability of Somatic Stem Cells: A Review

The concept of radiation-enhanced stem cell differentiation

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