The Operating Characteristics of the PTSD Checklist in Detecting PTSD in HIV+ Substance Abusers

Bollinger, Andreas R.; Cuevas, Carlos A.; Vielhauer, Melanie J.; Morgan, Erin E.; Keane, Terence M.

doi:10.1080/19322880802384251

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C), also a commonly used inventory (Brewin, 2005), measured PTSD symptoms with 17 items representing the DSM–IV criteria for PTSD (Weathers, Litz, Huska, & Keane, 1994). Again, the mean for our participants ( M = 38.46, SD = 13.86) fell below the cut-score of 50 established to predict PTSD in HIV+ SDIs (Bollinger, Cuevas, Vielhauer, Morgan, & Keane, 2008), but as with the other emotional distress variables, the distribution ranged well above this cut-point (observed scores from 17 to 83).…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Iowa Gambling Task performance and emotional distress interact to predict risky sexual behavior in individuals with dual substance and HIV diagnoses

Wardle

González

Bechara

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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HIV+ substance-dependent individuals (SDIs) show emotional distress and executive impairment, but in isolation these poorly predict sexual risk. We hypothesized that an executive measure sensitive to emotional aspects of judgment (Iowa Gambling Task; IGT) would identify HIV+ SDIs whose sexual risks were influenced by emotional distress. We assessed emotional distress and performance on several executive tasks in 190 HIV+ SDIs. IGT performance interacted significantly with emotional distress, such that only in better performers were distress and risk related. Our results are interpreted using the somatic marker hypothesis and indicate that the IGT identifies HIV+ SDIs for whom psychological distress influences HIV risk.

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 62%

Iowa Gambling Task performance and emotional distress interact to predict risky sexual behavior in individuals with dual substance and HIV diagnoses

Wardle

González

Bechara

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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“…Correlation with the CAPS was .63 in a sample of 57 HIV+ patients [26] (Table 2). Cuevas and colleagues [27] reported moderate to high correlations with anxiety, depression, hostility, and physical and emotional functioning.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL) military, civilian, and specific versions

2011

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The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist is a commonly used measure, with military (PCL-M), civilian (PCL-C), and specific trauma (PCL-S) versions. This synthesis of the psychometric properties of all three versions found the PCL to be a well-validated measure. The PCL shows good temporal stability, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity. The majority of structural validity studies support four factor models. Little is available on discriminant validity and sensitivity to change. Strengths, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. Understanding the PCL's psychometric properties, strengths (e.g., items map on to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria), and limitations (e.g., may overestimate PTSD prevalence) will help clinicians and researchers make educated decisions regarding the appropriate use of this measure in their particular setting.

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“…PTSD symptoms were measured with a self-report questionnaire rather than a diagnostic interview, limiting our ability to draw conclusions about individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. This concern is tempered by the fact that the PCL has shown exceptional psychometric characteristics in a broad range of populations (Blanchard, Jones-Alexander, Buckley, & Forneris, 1996; Bollinger, Cuevas, Vielhauer, Morgan, & Keane, 2008; Wilkins, Lang, & Norman, 2011), including college students (Adkins, Weathers, McDevitt-Murphy, & Daniels, 2008). The cross-sectional nature of the data limited us from examining change over time or directional relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD Symptoms, Emotion Dysregulation, and Alcohol-Related Consequences Among College Students With a Trauma History

Tripp¹,

McDevitt-Murphy²,

Avery³

et al. 2015

Journal of Dual Diagnosis

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Objective Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences have been linked to emotion dysregulation. Sex differences exist in both emotion regulation dimensions and alcohol use patterns. This investigation examined facets of emotion dysregulation as potential mediators of the relationship between PTSD symptoms and alcohol-related consequences and whether differences may exist across sexes. Methods Participants included 240 college students with a trauma history who reported using alcohol within the past three months and completed measures of PTSD symptoms, emotion dysregulation, alcohol consumption, alcohol-related consequences, and negative affect. The six facets of emotion dysregulation were examined as mediators of the relationship between PTSD symptoms and alcohol-related consequences in the full sample and by sex. Results There were differences in sexes on several variables, with women reporting higher PTSD scores and Lack of Emotional Awareness. Men reported significantly higher drinks per week in a typical week and a heavy week. There were significant associations between the variables for the full sample, with PTSD showing associations with five facets of emotion dysregulation subscales: Impulse Control Difficulties when Upset, Difficulties Engaging in Goal-Directed Behavior, Nonacceptance of Emotional Responses, Lack of Emotional Clarity, and Limited Access to Emotion Regulation Strategies. Alcohol-related consequences were associated with four aspects of emotion dysregulation: Impulse Control Difficulties when Upset, Difficulties Engaging in Goal-Direct Behavior, Nonacceptance of Emotional Reponses, and Limited Access to Emotion Regulation Strategies. Two aspects of emotion regulation, Impulse Control Difficulties and Difficulties Engaging in Goal Directed Behavior, mediated the relationship between PTSD symptoms and alcohol-related consequences in the full sample, even after adjusting for the effects of negative affect. When examined separately by gender, Impulse Control Difficulties remained a mediator for men and Difficulties Engaging in Goal Directed Behavior for women. Conclusions These analyses shed light on processes that may underlie “self-medication” of PTSD symptoms. Gender-specific interventions targeting emotion dysregulation may be effective in reducing alcohol-related consequences in individuals with PTSD. Women may possibly benefit from interventions that focus on difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, while men may benefit from interventions that target impulse control difficulties when upset.

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The Operating Characteristics of the PTSD Checklist in Detecting PTSD in HIV+ Substance Abusers

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Iowa Gambling Task performance and emotional distress interact to predict risky sexual behavior in individuals with dual substance and HIV diagnoses

Iowa Gambling Task performance and emotional distress interact to predict risky sexual behavior in individuals with dual substance and HIV diagnoses

Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL) military, civilian, and specific versions

PTSD Symptoms, Emotion Dysregulation, and Alcohol-Related Consequences Among College Students With a Trauma History

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