The Opportunities and Challenges for Re-use and Recycling of Timber and Wood Products Within the Construction Sector

Ormondroyd, Graham; Spear, Morwenna; Skinner, Campbell

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0655-5_3

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The wood waste from recycled composite materials should not be found in municipal waste landfills because of its possible degradation products responsible for damaging the environment [25][26][27][28]. It should be used as a material for new composites to become more environmentally friendly [25,27,[29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particleboards from Recycled Wood

Iždinský

Vidholdová

Reinprecht

2020

Forests

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The effective recovery of wood waste generated in wood processing and also at the end of wood product life is important from environmental and economic points of view. In a laboratory, 16 mm-thick three-layer urea–formaldehyde (UF)-bonded particleboards (PBs) were produced at 5.8 MPa and 240 °C and with an 8 s/mm pressing factor, using wood particles prepared from (1) fresh spruce wood (C), (2) a mixture of several recycled wood products (R1), and (3) recycled faulty PBs bonded with UF resin (R2). Particles from spruce wood were combined with particles from R1 or R2 recyclates in weight ratios of 100:0, 80:20, 50:50 and 0:100. In comparison to the control spruce PB, the PBs containing the R1 recyclate from old wood products were characterized by lower thickness swelling after 2 and 24 h (TS-2h and TS-24h), lower by 18 and 31%; water absorption after 2 and 24 h (WA-2h and WA-24h), lower by 33 and 28%; modulus of rupture in bending (MOR), lower by 28%; modulus of elasticity in bending (MOE), lower by 18%; internal bond (IB), lower by 33%; and resistance to decay determined by the mass loss under the action of the brown-rot fungus Coniophora puteana (Δm), lower by 32%. The PBs containing the R2 recyclate from faulty PBs were also characterized by a lower TS-2h and TS-24h, lower by 45% and 59%; WA-2h and WA-24h, lower by 61% and 51%; MOR, lower by 37%; MOE, lower by 17%; and IB, lower by 33%; however, their biological resistance to C. puteana was more effective, with a decreased Δm in the decay test, lower by 44%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particleboards from Recycled Wood

Iždinský

Vidholdová

Reinprecht

2020

Forests

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“…Concrete can be recycled into new concrete [53][54][55], or downcycled for the formation of road beddings and railway ballasts [56][57][58]. Timber can be carefully disassembled and used in new constructions [59][60][61], or it can be used for generating energy [62][63][64]. Steel should be brought to smelting facilities and remanufactured into new steel products [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost Material Stock in Buildings due to Sea Level Rise from Global Warming: The Case of Fiji Islands

et al. 2020

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This study developed a methodology to estimate the amount of construction material in coastal buildings which are lost due to climate change-induced sea level rise. The Republic of Fiji was chosen as a case study; sea level rise is based on predictions by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for the years 2050 and 2100. This study combines the concept of a geographic information system based digital inundation analysis with the concept of a material stock analysis. The findings show that about 4.5% of all existing buildings on Fiji will be inundated by 2050 because of an expected global sea level rise of 0.22 m (scenario 1) and 6.2% by 2100 for a sea level rise of 0.63 m (scenario 2). The number of buildings inundated by 2050 is equivalent to 40% of the average number of new constructed buildings in Fiji Islands in a single year. Overall, the amount of materials present in buildings which will be inundated by 2050 is 900,000 metric tons (815,650 metric tons of concrete, 52,100 metric tons of timber, and 31,680 metric tons of steel). By 2100, this amount is expected to grow to 1,151,000 metric tons (1,130,160 metric tons of concrete, 69,760 metric tons of timber, and 51,320 metric tons of steel). The results shall contribute in enhancing urban planning, climate change adaptation strategies, and the estimation of future demolition flows in small island developing states.

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“…While paper recycling is well established and allows for multiple uses, it has limitations in terms of recyclability and energy intensity (Ozola et al, 2019;van Ewijk et al, 2021). Timber offers diverse reuse opportunities (Ghobadi & Sepasgozar, 2023;Ormondroyd et al, 2016), and other organic materials are commonly converted to compost and fertilizer (Chen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Circular Economy Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australia's circular economy metrics and indicators

Miatto,

Emami,

Goodwin

et al. 2024

J of Industrial Ecology

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This article presents a comprehensive economy‐wide material flow analysis of the Australian economy in 2019, examining the domestic extraction, trade, end‐of‐life flows, and recycling for all materials. The results highlight Australia's role as a natural resource supplier, with metals and fossil fuels being primary contributors. Through material flow analysis, we found that in 2019 Australia extracted 2587 Mt of natural resources, exported a substantial fraction (1459 Mt), and used 917 Mt to fulfill domestic needs. The recycling flows and circularity metrics are also explored, with an end‐of‐life recycling rate of 51.1% and an overall circularity rate of 5.1%. An additional assessment of Australia's consumption‐based material footprint highlights mobility and housing as the dominant material‐using sectors. These results contribute to understanding Australia's material consumption patterns, indicating significant reliance on foreign semifinished and finished products, and provide insights into the potential for enhancing economic circularity.

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The Opportunities and Challenges for Re-use and Recycling of Timber and Wood Products Within the Construction Sector

Cited by 16 publications

References 88 publications

Particleboards from Recycled Wood

Particleboards from Recycled Wood

Lost Material Stock in Buildings due to Sea Level Rise from Global Warming: The Case of Fiji Islands

Australia's circular economy metrics and indicators

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