The optic lobe of Drosophila melanogaster. I. A Golgi analysis of wild-type structure

Fischbach, Karl‐Friedrich; Dittrich, Anita

doi:10.1007/bf00218858

Cited by 666 publications

(1,226 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…However, the immunostaining is neither general nor homogeneous within each neuropile. As shown in Figures 2C-E and 3B, the pattern of immunostaining of the OL reveals the typical stratified tangential layers and the columnar organization of neuromeres that have been described extensively in Drosophila and other diptera (Ramon y Cajal and Sanchez, 1915;Strausfeld, 1976;Fischbach and Dittrich, 1989). Except the lamina, which lacks any signal, all OL neuromeres are labeled with varying intensity.…”

Section: Distribution and Localization Of Sh Kch In The Cnsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Diverse Expression and Distribution ofShakerPotassium Channels during the Development of theDrosophilaNervous System

1997

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The spatio-temporal expression ofShaker(Sh) potassium channels (Kch) in the developing and adult nervous system ofDrosophilahas been studied at the molecular and histological level using specific antisera.ShKch are distributed in most regions of the nervous system, but their expression is restricted to only certain populations of cells.ShKch have been found in the following three locations: in synaptic areas of neuropile, in axonal fiber tracks, and in a small number of neuronal cell bodies. This wide subcellular localization, together with a diverse distribution, implicatesShKch in multiple neuronal functions.Experiments performed withShmutants that specifically eliminate a few of theShKch splice variants clearly demonstrate an abundant differential expression and usage of the wide repertoire ofShisoforms, but they do not support the idea of extensive segregation of these isoforms among different populations of neurons.ShKch are predominantly expressed at late stages of postembryonic development and adulthood. Strikingly, wide changes in the repertoire ofShsplice isoforms occur some time after the architecture of the nervous system is complete, indicating that the expression ofShKch contributes to the final refinements of neuronal differentiation. These late changes in the expression and distribution ofShKch seem to correlate with activity patterns suggesting thatShKch may be involved in adaptative mechanisms of excitability.

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Section: Distribution and Localization Of Sh Kch In The Cnsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Diverse Expression and Distribution ofShakerPotassium Channels during the Development of theDrosophilaNervous System

1997

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“…3A,B). It is evident that the wg-lacZ-positive neurons include intrinsic neurons of the proximal medulla (Pm neurons), which extend arbors tangentially within small regions of the proximal medulla (Fischbach and Dittrich, 1989). Projections into a specific tangential layer of the lobula were also observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

An axon scaffold induced by retinal axons directs glia to destinations in theDrosophilaoptic lobe

Dearborn

Kunes

2004

Development

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In the developing Drosophila visual system, glia migrate into stereotyped positions within the photoreceptor axon target fields and provide positional information for photoreceptor axon guidance. Glial migration conversely depends on photoreceptor axons, as glia precursors stall in their progenitor zones when retinal innervation is eliminated. Our results support the view that this requirement for retinal innervation reflects a role of photoreceptor axons in the establishment of an axonal scaffold that guides glial cell migration. Optic lobe cortical axons extend from dorsal and ventral positions towards incoming photoreceptor axons and establish at least four separate pathways that direct glia to proper destinations in the optic lobe neuropiles. Photoreceptor axons induce the outgrowth of these scaffold axons. Most glia do not migrate when the scaffold axons are missing. Moreover, glia follow the aberrant pathways of scaffold axons that project aberrantly, as occurs in the mutant dachsous. The local absence of glia is accompanied by extensive apoptosis of optic lobe cortical neurons. These observations reveal a mechanism for coordinating photoreceptor axon arrival in the brain with the distribution of glia to multiple target destinations, where they are required for axon guidance and neuronal survival.

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“…L2 neurons were chosen based on the availability of this specific Gal4-driver line and the supposed pivotal role of L2 in visual motion detection [6][7][8][9][10] . Visually-evoked spatio-temporal changes in Ca 2+ in the highly ordered 27,28 , retinotopically organized lattice of L2 axon terminals 7 ( Fig. 1b-d) were monitored using 'Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy' (2PLSM) 43 (Fig.…”

Section: Functional Two-photon Imaging In the Drosophila Visual Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In flies, the lamina monopolar neurons L1 and L2 are the largest and best investigated second order visual interneurons postsynaptic to the photoreceptors R1-6 [26][27][28][29] . L1-L3 and amc all express a chloride channel encoded by the gene ort 30 which is gated by the photoreceptor transmitter histamine 31,32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing retinotopic half-wave rectified input to the motion detection circuitry of Drosophila

et al. 2010

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In the visual system of Drosophila, photoreceptors R1-6 relay achromatic brightness information to five parallel pathways. Two of them, the lamina monopolar cells L1 and L2, represent the major input lines to the motion detection circuitry. Here we devised a new method for the optical recording of visually evoked changes in intracellular Ca 2+ in neurons, using targeted expression of a genetically encoded Ca 2+ indicator. Ca 2+ in single terminals of L2 neurons in the medulla carries no information about the direction of motion. However, the observed strong increase in intracellular Ca 2+ induced by light-OFF and only small changes induced by light-ON suggest halfwave rectification of the input signal. Thus, L2 predominantly transmits brightness decrements to downstream circuits that then compute the direction of image motion.2

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The optic lobe of Drosophila melanogaster. I. A Golgi analysis of wild-type structure

Cited by 666 publications

References 85 publications

Diverse Expression and Distribution ofShakerPotassium Channels during the Development of theDrosophilaNervous System

Diverse Expression and Distribution ofShakerPotassium Channels during the Development of theDrosophilaNervous System

An axon scaffold induced by retinal axons directs glia to destinations in theDrosophilaoptic lobe

Visualizing retinotopic half-wave rectified input to the motion detection circuitry of Drosophila

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