The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance

Wilson, Gregory S.; Newton, Robert U.; Murphy, Alexander B.; Humphries, Brendan

doi:10.1249/00005768-199311000-00013

Cited by 531 publications

(453 citation statements)

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“…Wilson et al 1993;Young and Bilby 1993;McBride et al 2002). It has been suggested that heavy strength training and slow velocities (like in the present study) leads primarily to improvements in the high force/low velocity portion of the force velocity curve (Fleck and Kraemer 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Rønnestad¹,

Nygaard²,

Raastad

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Rønnestad, B. R., Nygaard, H., Raastad, T. (2011) ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of transiently elevated endogenous hormone concentrations during exercise on strength training adaptations. Nine subjects performed four unilateral strength training session per week on the elbow flexors for 11 weeks. During two of the weekly sessions, leg exercises were performed to acutely increase the systemic anabolic hormone concentration immediately before the exercises for one of the elbow flexors (L+A). On the two other weekly training sessions, the contralateral elbow flexors were trained without prior leg exercises (A). By randomizing one arm of the subjects to serve as a control and the other as experimental, both conditions have the same nutritional and genetic environment. Serum testosterone and growth hormone was significantly increased during the L+A training session, while no hormonal changes occurred in the A session. Both A and L+A increased 1RM in biceps curl, peak power in elbow flexors at 30% and 60% of 1RM, and muscle volume of the elbow flexors (p<0.05). However, only L+A achieved increase in CSA at the part of the arm flexors with largest cross sectional area (p<0.001), while no changes occurred in A. L+A had superior relative improvement in 1RM biceps curl and favorable muscle adaptations in elbow flexors compared to A (p<0.05). In conclusion, performing leg exercises prior to arm exercises, and thereby increasing the levels of serum testosterone and growth hormone, induced superior strength training adaptations compared to arm training without acute elevation of hormones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Rønnestad¹,

Nygaard²,

Raastad

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…It appears from Table 4 that those studies that have used 180 seconds inter-set rest resulted in average increases of 2.0% in upper body power and 10% in lower body power (McEvoy and Newton, 1998;Wilson, Newton, Murphy and Humphries, 1993;Young and Bilby, 1993), while studies that used 120 seconds inter-set rest resulted in an average increase of 14% in the lower body (Jones, Bishop, Hunter and Fleisig, 2001;Kraemer et al, 2003). It is important to remember, however, that differences in the training duration, subject demographics, training loads, and the methods and / or tools used to assess muscular power have confounded our understanding in this area.…”

Section: Research -Inter-set Rest Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic, Kinetic, and Blood Lactate Profiles of Continuous and Intraset Rest Loading Schemes

Denton¹,

Cronin²

2006

J Strength Cond Res

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“…Squat depth has been a topic of much discussion in the field and literature [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] with primary focus centering on strength improvements at different training depths. More broadly, this debate is an issue of joint-angle specificity, which has been examined for comparable strength improvements [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint-angle specific strength adaptations influence improvements in power in highly trained athletes

Rhea¹,

Kenn²,

Peterson³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of training at different ranges of motion during the squat exercise on joint-angle specific strength adaptations. Methods. Twenty eight men were randomly assigned to one of three training groups, differing only in the depth of squats (quarter squat, half squat, and full squat) performed in 16-week training intervention. Strength measures were conducted in the back squat pre-, mid-, and post-training at all three depths. Vertical jump and 40-yard sprint time were also measured. Results. Individuals in the quarter and full squat training groups improved significantly more at the specific depth at which they trained when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.05). Jump height and sprint speed improved in all groups (p < 0.05); however, the quarter squat had the greatest transfer to both outcomes. Conclusions. Consistently including quarter squats in workouts aimed at maximizing speed and jumping power can result in greater improvements.

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The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance

Cited by 531 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Physiological elevation of endogenous hormones results in superior strength training adaptation

Kinematic, Kinetic, and Blood Lactate Profiles of Continuous and Intraset Rest Loading Schemes

Joint-angle specific strength adaptations influence improvements in power in highly trained athletes

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