The optimum conditions for preparing solid fuel briquette of rice straw by a piston-mold process using the Taguchi method

Chou, Chuen‐Shii; Song, Lin; Peng, Chun-Chieh; Lu, Wen-Chung

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.04.007

Cited by 87 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Binders commonly used in briquetting include starch, molasses, lignosulphonates (in animal feed processing), sulfonate salts made from lignin in pulp [24,25,26], or biomass wastes that are naturally rich in binding components, e.g., rice bran & sawdust [27]. Recent research has focused on developing new, cheaper and more sustainable binders, as well as optimising the ratio of binder to loose biomass.…”

Section: Binders For Fuel Briquette Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Muazu

Stegemann

2017

Fuel

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Binders can be employed to improve the particle adhesion, compressive strength, abrasion resistance and energy content of densified biomass, such as briquettes. They may also reduce the energy cost of producing such briquettes, by reducing the compaction pressure, conditioning temperature and the wear on production equipment.This study explored and compared the effects of three different binders, including starch, enhanced treated biosolids and microalgae, on density, durability, energy content and combustion characteristics of fuel briquettes produced from blends of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse, in a multilevel factorial design experiment.Briquettes had relaxed unit densities of 1.9 to 3.3 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials, with an average unconfined compressive strength of 125 kPa. An unconfined compressive strength of 175 kPa was achieved for a 2:4:1 blend of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse with the microalgae binder at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the addition of biosolids and microalgae binders significantly improved briquette density, while the addition of starch reduced briquette density, and biosolids reduced briquette strength.Of all the briquettes produced with the three binders, those containing the microalgae binder were found to be most durable, with a higher energy value, slower mass loss during briquette combustion, and a higher afterglow time. Since microalgae may be grown using CO2 from biomass combustion, discovery of their advantages as a binder in briquetting is particularly welcome.

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Section: Binders For Fuel Briquette Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Muazu

Stegemann

2017

Fuel

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“…This has prompted addition of biomass containing higher amounts of these components to other biomass. For example, blending sawdust from Scots pine with wheat straw resulted in more durable pellets compared to wheat straw alone [12], rice bran was used as a binder in briquetting rice straw [13] and olive refuse blended with fibrous paper mill waste [55], for reportedly improved briquette durability.…”

Section: Biomass Densificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Muazu

Stegemann

2015

Fuel Processing Technology

124

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Biomass densification processes increase fuel energy density for more efficient transport.This study presents new data to show that blending different types of biomass improves the properties of densified biomass briquettes. The specific objectives were to investigate the effects of sample batch (biomass source), material ratio (rice husks to corn cobs), addition of binder (starch and water mixture) and compaction pressure, on briquette properties, using a factorial experiment.Briquettes had a unit density of up to 1.9 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials. Considering average values from two biomass sources, an unconfined compressive strength of 176 kPa was achieved at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa for a 3:7 blend of rice husks to corn cobs with 10% binder.These briquettes were durable, with only 4% mass loss during abrasion and 10% mass loss during shattering tests. They absorbed 36% less water than loose corn cobs. Statistical analysis of the results showed that starch and water addition was required for adequate briquette strength, but significantly reduced green and relaxed densities. The source of the biomass had a significant effect on densification, which emphasises the need to understand factors underlying biomass variability.

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“…Without proper processing, it is bulky and creates an incomplete combustion that may pollute the environment as well as may not be a viable source of energy. Conventional briquettes were made using sawdust with the addition of coal cake and in recent years, low cost agricultural by-products appeared in overcoming the shortage of wood-based products (Chou et al 2009;Sotannde et al 2009;Wilaipon 2007). Wilaipon (2009) reported that low cost banana peels bound with molasses under high press pressure are a potential raw material for making banana briquettes.…”

Section: Renewable Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

et al. 2012

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Banana (Musaceae) is one of the world's most important fruit crops that is widely cultivated in tropical countries for its valuable applications in food industry. Its enormous by-products are an excellent source of highly valuable raw materials for other industries by recycling agricultural waste. This prevents an ultimate loss of huge amount of untapped biomass and environmental issues. This review discusses extensively the breakthrough in the utilization of banana by-products such as peels, leaves, pseudostem, stalk and inflorescence in various food and non-food applications serving as thickening agent, coloring and flavor, alternative source for macro and micronutrients, nutraceuticals, livestock feed, natural fibers, and sources of natural bioactive compounds and bio-fertilizers. Future prospects and challenges are the important key factors discussed in association to the sustainability and feasibility of utilizing these by-products. It is important that all available by-products be turned into highly commercial outputs in order to sustain this renewable resource and provide additional income to small scale farming industries without compromising its quality and safety in competing with other commercial products.

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The optimum conditions for preparing solid fuel briquette of rice straw by a piston-mold process using the Taguchi method

Cited by 87 publications

References 19 publications

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Banana by-products: an under-utilized renewable food biomass with great potential

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