The optimum level of protein in the supplement for dairy cows with access to grass silage

Gordon, F. J.; McMurray, C.H.

doi:10.1017/s0003356100023539

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Both milk protein concentration and milk protein yield increased with increasing protein concentration in the concentrates, confirming the results of previous studies (Gordon and McMurray, 1979). Furthermore, it appears from the results of the present study that milk protein responses to increasing protein concentration are obtained irrespective of the proportion of concentrates in the diet.…”

Section: Responses To Supplementary Proteinsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The linear increases in milk yield with increasing protein concentration in the concentrate in this study are in line with the data of Gordon and McMurray (1979). These workers observed that increases in the protein concentration of the concentrates given with grass silage, over the range 103 to 211 g CP per kg fresh weight, resulted in linear increases in milk yield, although the response declined at levels above 211 g CP per kg fresh weight.…”

Section: Responses To Supplementary Proteinsupporting

confidence: 91%

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The effect of concentrate-to-forage ratio on the milk-yield response to supplementary protein

Mayne

Gordon

1985

Anim. Sci.

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Twenty-four British Friesian dairy cattle in their first lactation were used in a change-over design experiment with four periods, each of 4 weeks duration. The aim of the experiment was to examine the effects of varying both concentrate crude-protein concentration and the proportions of concentrates and grass silage in the diet on milk yield and composition. Twelve treatments were examined in a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement. Concentrates containing four levels of crude protein (CP), ranging from 120 to 206 g/kg fresh weight were offered in diets containing either 400, 500 or 600 g concentrates per kg dry-matter (DM) intake. The grass silage offered as the basal forage had a DM concentration of 214 g/kg and a digestible organic matter concentration of 682 g/kg DM.Milk yields (kg/day) for cows offered diets containing 400, 500 and 600 g concentrates per kg DM were 17·2, 18·1 and 18·3 respectively; and 17·4, 17·6, 18·0 and 18·4 for cows offered diets with concentrates containing 120, 147, 176 and 206 g CP per kg fresh weight respectively (pooled s.e. 0·13). Increasing either the proportion of concentrates in the diet or the CP concentration of the concentrates did not significantly affect milk fat concentration, but did increase milk protein concentration.There was a trend towards a greater milk-yield response to protein supplementation with low- rather than high-concentrate diets, although it appears that this trend may only be apparent in situations where total food intake is restricted.

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Section: Responses To Supplementary Proteinsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Responses To Supplementary Proteinsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of concentrate-to-forage ratio on the milk-yield response to supplementary protein

Mayne

Gordon

1985

Anim. Sci.

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“…On the contrary, protein concentrations were less variable and differences between production systems were slight. It is well assumed that fat and protein production is highly related to nutrition (Gordon & McMurray, 1979;King et al, 1990;Walker et al, 2001), depending not only on the quantity of forage and supplements but also in the composition of them (Palmquist, 1993); Walker et al, 2004). Consequently, differences in fat and protein production depend not only on the production system, but also along the year and the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holstein-Friesian milk performance in organic farming in North Spain: Comparison with other systems and breeds

Rodríguez‐Bermúdez

Miranda

Galdo

et al. 2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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Organic systems are highly dependent on the environment and require animals well adapted to local conditions. In Spain, organic dairy farmers are not satisfied with the productive performance of their herds and ask for technical advice to obtain suitable animals for organic systems. The milk productive performance (milk yield, nutritional composition, and somatic cell count) of Holstein-Friesian cows in organic farming in North Spain compared with conventional farms has been analysed. When breed diversity was present in the same organic farm, Holstein-Friesian milk performance was compared with other breeds and/or crosses. Holstein-Friesian cows in organic farming produce slightly less milk than grazing conventional cows, but milk was similar in composition and somatic cell count across systems. The limited data from organic farms where breed diversity exists indicate that Holstein-Friesian cows produce numerically more milk than other breeds and crosses but with statistically lower protein content. Considering that in Spain organic milk production is mostly used for liquid milk consumption and that the payment system is based only on milk volume, Holstein-Friesian cows would better fit the farmer interests than other breeds or crosses. However, in addition to productive performance, reproductive efficiency, animal health and consumer's preferences should be fully considered when selecting a breed for organic production. If Holstein-Friesian was the selected breed, efforts should be made to identify cows within the breed that are best adapted to organic conditions. New productive, reproductive, nutritional and economic studies would be needed to develop a genetic merit index for organic systems.Additional key words: dairy cattle; milk composition; crosses; suitability; production systems.Correspondence should be addressed to Marta López Alonso: marta.lopez.alonso@usc.esAbbreviations used: DCR (dairy control record); FS (farm system); LG (lactation group); SCC (somatic cell count).

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“…Earlier studies at this Institute have shown considerable production responses to high levels of protein in the supplementary concentrate given with grass silage (Gordon and McMurray, 1979;Gordon, 1979) and there is also evidence to suggest that this response may be greater with wilted than with unwilted silages (Gordon, 1980a). The present study therefore aimed to provide additional information on the response to supplementary protein, and especially to examine the possibility of any interaction between this response and the pre-wilting of silage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The utilization of wilted and unwilted silages by lactating cows and the influence of changes in the protein and energy concentration of the supplement offered

Gordon

Peoples

1986

Anim. Sci.

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Twenty-four lactating British Friesian cows were used in a four-period partially balanced change-over design experiment to evaluate eight treatments consisting of two silage types (wilted and unwilted), each offered in addition to supplements containing both two crude protein (CP) levels (160 and 210 g/kg fresh weight) and two energy levels (10-8 and 12-9 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg fresh weight) obtained by including 100 g spray-dried tallow per kg, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. All supplements were offered at ttie same rate of 6-8 kg/day and total diet digestibility and food utilization studies were carried out on all animals at the end of the final period of the experiment. A separate twoperiod change-over design expeximent, using two lactating cows fitted with rumen cannulae, was undertaken to determine the influence of the two silages on volatile fatty acid (VFA) proportions in the rumen and to measure the rates of disappearance of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen in the silages and supplements from the rumen.There were no significant interactions between silage and supplement type in terms of animal performance. Animals offered unwilted silage consumed proportionately 003 less DM but produced 0-03 more milk than those offered wilted silage. Although total diet digestibility was not influenced by silage type because of the higher gross energy concentration of the unwilted silage the ME intake with this diet was higher than with the diet based on wilted silage and the ratios of milk energy output to ME available for production (0-54) were similar with both silages. Silage type had no effect on the rumen VFA proportions but influenced the jates of disappearance of DM and nitrogen from the rumen.Increasing the CP concentratioryof the supplement had no effect on the intake of silage DM but resulted in a significant incnja^e in milk yield (0-55 kg/day) but due to a reduction in milk fat concentration there was np^-etfect on yield of either fat-corrected milk or milk energy. The use of the higher energy supplement depressed the intake of silage DM by 0-46 kg/day but resulted in an increase in milk yield of 0-74 kg/day. Neither CP nor energy concentration of the supplement had any effect on DM or energy digestibility of the total diet but there were considerable differences between supplements in the patterns of nitrogen and DM disappearance from the rumen. ZIMMER, E. and WILKINS, R. J. 1984. Eurowilt. Efficiency of silage systems. A comparison between unwilted and wilted silages. Landbauforschung, Volkenrode, Sonderheft 69: 88.

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The optimum level of protein in the supplement for dairy cows with access to grass silage

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

The effect of concentrate-to-forage ratio on the milk-yield response to supplementary protein

The effect of concentrate-to-forage ratio on the milk-yield response to supplementary protein

Holstein-Friesian milk performance in organic farming in North Spain: Comparison with other systems and breeds

The utilization of wilted and unwilted silages by lactating cows and the influence of changes in the protein and energy concentration of the supplement offered

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