The oral cleanliness and periodontal health of UK adults in 1998

Morris, John; Steele, J G; White, Deborah

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4801135

Cited by 139 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This is a predicted finding that has also been reported previously in other Western populations 3,4 and is attributed mainly to the apical migration of the gingival margin, presumably as a result of local inflammation. Based on the finding that 10% of the study sample had deep ($6 mm) periodontal pockets, the authors concluded that the treatment need is not high, and periodontitis is not a major public health issue in this population.…”

Section: Commentary and Analysissupporting

confidence: 73%

Periodontal Disease is Prevalent Among Adults in France

Albandar

2008

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice

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Section: Commentary and Analysissupporting

confidence: 73%

Periodontal Disease is Prevalent Among Adults in France

Albandar

2008

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice

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“…16 A pregnancy-specific cohort study estimated prevalence to be much higher (7.2%); however, the authors recognized that pregnancy hormones can lead to false positives. 72 Consequently, the prevalence estimates for adult women aged under 44 from the ADHA were used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing low birth weight: prioritizing action to address modifiable risk factors

2016

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BackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) affects 6.9% of all UK births and has remained largely unchanged for many years. The United Nations and the World Health Assembly have set targets to substantially reduce global incidence. Understanding the contribution of modifiable risk factors to the burden of LBW is required to ensure appropriate interventions are in place to achieve this reduction.MethodsData from published studies on the risks from key modifiable factors were used alongside prevalence data from the Welsh population to calculate the population attributable risk for each factor individually and in combination.ResultsFourteen risk factors accounted for nearly half of LBW births, and 60% of those to younger mothers (<25 years). Tobacco smoke exposure was the largest contributor. We estimated that smoking in pregnancy was a factor in one in eight LBW births, increasing to one in five for women aged under 25.ConclusionsRisk factors are interrelated and inequitably distributed within the population. Exposure to one factor increases the likelihood of exposure to a constellation of factors further increasing risk. Action to address LBW must consider groups where the risk factors are most prevalent and address these risk factors together using multi-component interventions.

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“…Around half of adults are affected by significant periodontal pocket and attachment loss [1], with around 11% of adults having chronic periodontitis [2]. Although chronic periodontitis involves a complex interplay of cytokines and cell types, it is mainly considered a neutrophil-mediated disease [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The link between chronic periodontitis and COPD: a common role for the neutrophil?

Usher

Stockley

2013

BMC Med

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BackgroundThe possible relationship between chronic inflammatory diseases and their co-morbidities has become an increasing focus of research. Both chronic periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are neutrophilic, inflammatory conditions characterized by the loss of local connective tissue. Evidence suggests an association and perhaps a causal link between the two diseases. However, the nature of any relationship between them is unclear, but if pathophysiologically established may have wide-reaching implications for targeted treatments to improve outcomes and prognosis.DiscussionThere have been a number of epidemiological studies undertaken demonstrating an independent association between chronic periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, many of them have significant limitations, and drawing firm conclusions regarding causality may be premature. Although the pathology of both these diseases is complex and involves many cell types, such as CD8 positive cells and macrophages, both conditions are predominantly characterized by neutrophilic inflammation. Increasingly, there is evidence that the two conditions are underpinned by similar pathophysiological processes, especially centered on the functions of the neutrophil. These include a disturbance in protease/anti-protease and redox state balance. The association demonstrated by epidemiological studies, as well as emerging similarities in pathogenesis at the level of the neutrophil, suggest a basis for testing the effects of treatment for one condition upon the severity of the other.SummaryAlthough the evidence of an independent association between chronic periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease grows stronger, there remains a lack of definitive studies designed to establish causality and treatment effects. There is a need for future research to be focused on answering these questions.

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The oral cleanliness and periodontal health of UK adults in 1998

Cited by 139 publications

References 4 publications

Periodontal Disease is Prevalent Among Adults in France

Periodontal Disease is Prevalent Among Adults in France

Reducing low birth weight: prioritizing action to address modifiable risk factors

The link between chronic periodontitis and COPD: a common role for the neutrophil?

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