The Ordovician Deicke and Millbrig K-Bentonite Beds of the Cincinnati Arch and the Southern Valley and Ridge Province

Haynes, John T.

doi:10.1130/spe290-p1

Cited by 42 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…Cherts or silicification associated with alteration of silicic volcanic deposits are known from the geologic record. Cherts bounding contacts of Ordovician K-bentonites are common in the Eastern Midcontinent of the United States and are interpreted as diagenetic features representing accumulation of excess silica during the alteration of volcanic glass (Kolata et al 1996;Haynes 1994). Other examples of chert or silicification associated with volcaniclastic material include Triassic tuffaceous rocks (Marfill et al 1998), Cretaceous bentonites (Yalcin and Gusmuser 2000) and Ordovician silicified mudstones (Frtiz and Vanko 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mineralogical and hydrogeologic properties of a partially unconsolidated Pleistocene limestone in the east central Yucatán: implications for the development of subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) in the region

Krekeler

Calkins

Borkiewicz

2010

Carbonates Evaporites

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A partially unconsolidated Pleistocene limestone from a roadside quarry near kilometer 175 on route 307 in the eastern Yucatán was investigated to assess suitability for use in subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) in the region. Powder X-ray diffraction investigation of bulk samples indicates that the mineralogy consists of calcite with minor amounts of quartz. Clay-sized insoluble materials in the limestone constitute approximately 2-8 wt% of samples. Powder X-ray diffraction combined with transmission electron microscopy indicates that insoluble materials are dominantly Ca-montmorillonite with trace amounts of kaolinite and minor amounts of amorphous aluminum-silicon oxides. Bulk properties are generally appropriate for use as media with hydraulic conductivity values (K) varying from approximately 0.0001-0.0393 cm/s. Uniformity coefficients (Cu) vary from 3 to 5.35. Owing to the partially unconsolidated nature of the limestone, it is possible to modify the materials to desired parameters for needs of a given SFCW. The occurrence of Ca-montmorillonite and Al-Si oxides in the material has some environmental advantages in being able to absorb a wider range of pollutants over current aragonite and calcite-based aggregate. The aggregate source is in a geographically strategic location to serve the expanding development of tourism infrastructure. The limestone material is an environmentally sound and economically advantageous target material for use in SFCWs because transportation costs and crushing costs are minimized and mining would be from an already disturbed portion of the landscape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mineralogical and hydrogeologic properties of a partially unconsolidated Pleistocene limestone in the east central Yucatán: implications for the development of subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) in the region

Krekeler

Calkins

Borkiewicz

2010

Carbonates Evaporites

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“…The Millbrig bentonite is the most laterally extensive K-bentonite in the project area, although subsurface correlations become tenuous to the east in West Virginia, Pennsylvania and New York. Beds of altered volcanic ash or K-bentonites are widespread in the Ordovician in eastern North America and have been studied extensively over the past decade (Huff and Kolata, 1990;Haynes, 1994;Kolata et al, 1996). The source of the volcanic ash for these K-bentonites was probably to the south and southeast (present day Atlantic coast) originating from active island-arc volcanism associated with the Taconic Front (Kolata et 23 al., 1996).…”

Section: Stratigraphic Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schwalb (1980) first applied the name "Sebree Valley" to a northeast-southwest trending feature in western Kentucky that he described as a "trough-like, clastic filled depression." Other researchers used the term "Sebree trough" and extended this feature from western Kentucky through southeastern Indiana into northwestern Ohio (Bergström and Mitchell, 1987;Wickstrom, 1988;Mitchell and Bergström, 1991;Wickstrom, et al, 1992;Bergström and Mitchell, 1992;1994;Keith and Wickstrom, 1993;Bergström and Mitchell, 1994;Kolata, et al, 1996;Pope and Read, 1997;Hohman, 1998;Kolata, et al, 2001;Ettensohn, et al, 2002;Richardson and Bergström, 2003;Brett, et al, 2004;Ettensohn, et al, 2004;Ludvigson, et al, 2004;.…”

Section: Idealized Depositional Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating a Geologic Play Book for Trenton-Black River Appalachian Basin Exploration

Patchen¹,

Avary²,

Bocan³

et al. 2005

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The Trenton-Black River Appalachian Basin Research Consortium has made significant progress toward their goal of producing a geologic play book for the TrentonBlack River gas play. The final product will include a resource assessment model of Trenton-Black River reservoirs; possible fairways within which to concentrate further studies and seismic programs; and a model for the origin of Trenton-Black River hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs.All seismic data available to the consortium have been examined. Synthetic seismograms constructed for specific wells have enabled researchers to correlate the tops of 15 stratigraphic units determined from well logs to seismic profiles in New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky. In addition, three surfaces for the area have been depth converted, gridded and mapped. A 16-layer velocity model has been developed to help constrain time-to-depth conversions. Considerable progress was made in fault trend delineation and seismic-stratigraphic correlation within the project area.Isopach maps and a network of gamma-ray cross sections supplemented with core descriptions allowed researchers to more clearly define the architecture of the basin during Middle and Late Ordovician time, the control of basin architecture on carbonate and shale deposition and eventually, the location of reservoirs in Trenton Limestone and Black River Group carbonates. The basin architecture itself may be structurally controlled, and this fault-related structural control along platform margins influenced the formation of hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in original limestone facies deposited in high energy environments. This resulted in productive trends along the northwest margin of the Trenton platform in Ohio. The continuation of this platform margin into New York should provide further areas with good exploration potential.The focus of the petrographic study shifted from cataloging a broad spectrum of carbonate rocks that occur in the Trenton-Black River interval to delineation of regional limestone diagenesis in the basin. A consistent basin-wide pattern of marine and burial diagenesis that resulted in relatively low porosity and permeability in the subtidal facies of these rocks has been documented across the study area. Six diagenetic stages have been recognized: four marine diagenesis stages and two burial diagenesis stages. This dominance of extensive marine and burial diagenesis yielded rocks with low reservoir potential, with the exception of fractured limestone and dolostone reservoirs. Commercial amounts of porosity, permeability and petroleum accumulation appear to be restricted to areas where secondary porosity developed in association with hydrothermal fluid flow along faults and fractures related to basement tectonics.A broad range of geochemical and fluid inclusion analyses have aided in a better understanding of the origin of the dolomites in the Trenton and Black River Groups over the study area. The results of these analyses support a hydrothermal origin for all of th...

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“…4;Haynes, 1994;Kolata et al, 1996Kolata et al, , 1998 Over the Nashville Dome, up to 10 m of the Carters Formation, including both the Deicke and Millbrig K-bentonites are locally eroded, with the amount of erosion increasing towards the western flank of the Nashville Dome (Wilson, 1962;Wilson and Stearns, 1963;Holland and Patzkowsky, 1997). However, the K-bentonites are present on the eastern flank of the dome and 20 in the subsurface surrounding the dome (Haynes, 1994), indicating that erosion was limited to the topographically higher dome. Erosional fragments of the Carters Formation occur locally in the basal Hermitage Formation (Wilson, 1962;Holland and Patzkowsky, 1998).…”

Section: Millbrig (Locally Known As Mud Cave or T-4) K-bentonite Whimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K-bentonite ash beds are common in the upper part of the Blountian succession and two of these beds (Deicke and Millbrig) are regionally widespread, facilitating correlations throughout the eastern midcontinent and Appalachian Basin (Haynes, 1994;Kolata et al, 1996). The…”

Section: Blountian Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Cincinnati Arch: A Stationary Peripheral Bulge during the Late Ordovician

Pope¹,

Holland²,

Patzkowsky³

2009

Perspectives in Carbonate Geology

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Shallow-water features, including peritidal carbonate complexes, tidally-influenced shoal-water facies, biostromes, and coincident subaerial unconformities on the peritidal complexes are restricted to the Cincinnati Arch during the Late Ordovician Taconic Orogeny. Persistence of these features along the Cincinnati Arch indicate this area experienced decreased subsidence relative to surrounding areas, forming the peripheral bulge within the Taconic foreland basin.These shallow-water features are surrounded on all sides by deeper water, shallow subtidal to deep subtidal facies. The Jessamine and Nashville Domes were prominent topographic highs on the arch and were the locus of shallow-water deposition and subaerial erosion, but many of these shallow-water features also occur in the subsurface between these two domes.The shallow-water features and unconformities on the Cincinnati Arch occur in a narrow band repeatedly throughout the Late Ordovician. The width of these features is much too narrow to have formed solely by flexure of the lithosphere and their persistent formation in the same location indicates they did not form as a viscoelastic response to orogenesis. Rather the boundary between the Grenville Front and the Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Province acted as a focusing mechanism for the orogenic load stresses to the east, producing a relatively stationary peripheral bulge. A temporal and spatial change in the stratigraphy and subsidence on the Nashville and Jessamine Domes during the Edenian likely records a northward shift of loading, possibly sedimentary loading, during the Taconic Orogeny.

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The Ordovician Deicke and Millbrig K-Bentonite Beds of the Cincinnati Arch and the Southern Valley and Ridge Province

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Mineralogical and hydrogeologic properties of a partially unconsolidated Pleistocene limestone in the east central Yucatán: implications for the development of subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) in the region

Mineralogical and hydrogeologic properties of a partially unconsolidated Pleistocene limestone in the east central Yucatán: implications for the development of subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) in the region

Creating a Geologic Play Book for Trenton-Black River Appalachian Basin Exploration

The Cincinnati Arch: A Stationary Peripheral Bulge during the Late Ordovician

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