The organic geochemistry of ancient sediments—Part II

Johns, R. B.; Belsky, T.; McCarthy, E.D.; Burlingame, Alma L.; Haug, Pat; Schnoes, Heinrich K.; Richter, Wilhelm J.; Calvin, Melvin

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(66)90120-7

Cited by 134 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Their occurrence in ancient sediments and petroleums (Johns et al, 1966;Speers and Whitehead, 1969) and their formation in simulated maturation experiments (Ishiwatari and Fukushima, 1979;Rubinstein and Strausz, 1979) suggest that their presence in Section 491-1-5 reflects input from thermally mature sources.…”

Section: Nonisoprenoidal Cyclic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Lipid Analyses of Two Quaternary Sediments from the Middle America Trench, Southern Mexico Transect, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 66

Brassell¹,

Eglinton²,

Maxwell³

1982

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the solvent-extractable hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, and carboxylic acids of two Quaternary sediments from the Middle America Trench (Sections 487-2-3 and 491-1-5). These lipids are derived from a mixed input of autochthonous and allochthonous materials, with minor contributions from thermally mature sources. Their compositions are typical of those of immature Quaternary marine sediments, and their lipid distributions show many similarities to those of Japan Trench sediments. INTRODUCTIONThe solvent-extractable lipids of two Quaternary sediments (Sections 487-2-3 and 491-1-5) from the oceanic plate and central slope of the Middle America Trench were investigated by gas chromatography and computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The sections were chosen to permit the comparison of environments on either side of the trench. This preliminary report describes the lipid compositions of these two samples and interprets them in terms of their input sources, conditions of deposition, and extent of diagenesis. We also make a brief comparison of their lipid distributions with those of Quaternary sediments from the Japan Trench. Table 1 summarizes the lithological characteristics of the samples and includes their weights. Organic carbon determinations were not made for these samples, but the values of adjacent sections are given (site chapters, this volume).

show abstract

Section: Nonisoprenoidal Cyclic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Lipid Analyses of Two Quaternary Sediments from the Middle America Trench, Southern Mexico Transect, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 66

Brassell¹,

Eglinton²,

Maxwell³

1982

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early diagenesis of chlorophylls leads to the generation of large amounts ofphytol (JOHNS et al, 1966;Cox et al, 1972) which is subsequently transformed to other isoprenoid products. The phytol-related components found in Santa Olalla Lagoon are summarized in Fig.…”

Section: Isoprenoid Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary lipid biogeochemistry of an hypereutrophic alkaline lagoon

Grimalt

Yruela

Sáiz‐Jiménez

et al. 1991

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The normal heptadecane is the dominant compound in the hydrocarbon fraction of all the photosynthetic microorganisms, but the predominance is not found in aerobic and anaerobic nonphotosynthetic bacteria. Johns et al 4 reported that the n-C17 alkane was a major peak in the total normal alkane fraction of the Soudan Shale (2.5 X 109 years). This may indicate that photosynthetic microorganisms are a major hydrocarbon source in the Soudan Shale.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Distribution of Algae and Bacteria, and Microbiological Activity in Sediments

Han

Calvin

1969

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

364

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.-The chemical taxonomic relationship of microorganisms has been studied through the hydrocarbon fraction of their chemical constituents. The diagenesis and biological transformations of some hydrocarbons in sediments is suggested, as a result of this information.Various compounds of presumed biological origin have been isolated from petroleum,' ancient sediments,2-4 and meteorites.5 Among these classes of organic compounds, the hydrocarbons have probably received the most attention. Meinscheinr found that the extracts of soil contained more odd than even carbon-numbered normal paraffins. Bray' reported that the ratio of odd over even carbon-numbered n-paraffins is significant in Recent sediments, approximately 2.4 to 5.5. However, the value decreases for older sediments, and it is close to 1.0 in petroleum. The isoprenoid hydrocarbons with the regular headtail-head-tail linkage have been taken to be the residue of life forms.3Barghoorn and his co-workers8' 9 claimed to have found blue-green algae and bacterialike microfossils in Precambrian rocks. It is very important to obtain confirmatory evidence for the existence of these primitive microorganisms in the Precambrian period.Chemical criteria can be used as confirmatory evidence for classifying living organisms which were previously identified solely on the basis of morphologic characteristics. Chemistry may have more to contribute than any morphological analysis, not only because of the relative evanescence of most plant tissues in geological deposits, but also because the biochemistry of evolutionary processes may be deduced from the presence of compounds from known diagenic pathways.The evolutionary step from the procaryotic cell (blue-green algae and bacteria) to the eucaryotic cell (green algae, fungi, protozoa, higher plants, and animals) is recognized by the appearance (or presence, in some cases) of nuclear membrane, mitotic division, chromosome number, cytoplasmic streaming, and mitochondria in the eucaryotic cell. Since lipids are important constituents of cytoplasmic and intracellular membranes, chemical taxonomic studies have been made to determine whether such evolutionary transitions are reflected at the molecular level.

show abstract

The organic geochemistry of ancient sediments—Part II

Cited by 134 publications

References 39 publications

Preliminary Lipid Analyses of Two Quaternary Sediments from the Middle America Trench, Southern Mexico Transect, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 66

Preliminary Lipid Analyses of Two Quaternary Sediments from the Middle America Trench, Southern Mexico Transect, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 66

Sedimentary lipid biogeochemistry of an hypereutrophic alkaline lagoon

Hydrocarbon Distribution of Algae and Bacteria, and Microbiological Activity in Sediments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About