The Organization of Mature Rous Sarcoma Virus as Studied by Cryoelectron Microscopy

The size of sinusoidal fenestrae is a critical determinant of hepatocyte transduction after adenoviral gene transfer

“…[36][37][38] The size of fenestrae may also be a determinant of hepatocyte transduction after transfer with retroviral or lentiviral vectors, which have a diameter between 126 and 133 nm. [39][40][41] A role of the size of fenestrae in the biodistribution of adenoviral vectors in the adrenal gland has been previously suggested by Wang et al 42 Systemic administration of adenoviral vectors in mice induced transgene expression in the adrenal gland that was comparable but somewhat lower than in the liver and predominant in the zona fasciculata, the part of the adrenal cortex with the largest diameter of fenestrae. However, a major difference between sinusoidal fenestrae and fenestrae in other organs is the presence of diaphragms in the latter.…”

Kinetic Analysis of the Role of Intersubunit Interactions in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Capsid Protein Assembly In Vitro

“…However, the morphology of the core formed is variable. While in the case of HIV and the lentiviruses in general the core is conical, in the case of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, the core is cylindrical and in the case of murine leukemia virus and Rous sarcoma virus, the core is polyhedral (26,30,45). Despite this variable morphology, the basic fold of the capsid protein is conserved across the retroviruses, and the subunit interfaces observed in the crystal structure are generally conserved across species (25).…”

Dimeric Rous Sarcoma Virus Capsid Protein Structure Relevant to Immature Gag Assembly

“…For example, lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), have mostly conical cores, while alpha retroviruses, such as the prototypic Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), have cores with the appearance of irregular polyhedra. 2,3 After maturation, MA associates with the viral membrane, CA forms the shell of the mature core, and NC associates with the genomic RNA and other virally coded enzymes required for RNA replication inside the CA shell. Whereas the CA -CA contacts in the mature core of HIV-1 have been modeled with respect to a cryo-electron microscopic (cryoEM) reconstruction 4 and electron crystallography of two-dimensional crystals, 5,6 much less is known about the Gag -Gag contacts in immature retrovirus cores.…”