The organization of the muscular system and the distribution of NO-ergic and serotoninergic elements of trematodes Allocreadium isoporum Looss, 1894 (Allocreadiidae) and Paramphistomum cervi Zeder, 1790 (Paramphistomatidae)

Abstract

TRITC-conjugated phalloidin staining was used to investigate the anatomical organization of the musculature of Allocreadium isoporum and Paramphistomum cervi.

Serotonin and neuropeptide FMRFamide in the nervous system of Opisthioglyphe ranae (Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae). An iimmunocytochemical study

“…We revealed the serotoninergic fibers near the pharynx and esophagus in O. ranae, while previously they were detected in the digestive system of other trematodes-Allocreadium isoporum, Paramphistomum cervi [11]. These findings allow suggesting that the activity of the muscular system in trematodes, which promotes food movement along the digestive tract, is under control from the serotoninergic parts of the nervous system.…”

“…The information about the presence and localization of serotonin and neuropeptides is available for some representatives of adult trematodes-Fasciola hepatica, Echinostoma caproni, Echinoparyphium aconiatum, Aspidogaster conchicola, Allocreadium isoporum, Gymnophallus deliciosus, Paramphistomum cervi, Cryptocotyle lingua, C. concavum, Corrigia vitta, Sсhistosoma mansoni, Bucephaloides gracilescens, Opisthorchis felineus, Haplometra cylindracea, Gorgoderina vitelliloba, which belong to different taxa parasitizing on different host animals-mammals, fish, birds and amphibians [2][3][4][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The habitats of the tested trematodes in a host organism also differ: hepatic bile ducts, digestive tract, bloodstream, bladder, lungs.…”

The organization of the muscle system of the causative agent of dicrocoeliosis, Dicrocoelium dendriticum

“…The presence of the muscles in the terminal sections of the reproductive systems has been established previously by light microscopy (Yastrebov & Yastrebova, 2014). The phalloidin‐stained musculature of the reproductive system was revealed in trematodes of various taxonomic groups: Cryptocotyle lingua , Echinoparyphium aconiatum , Allocreadium isoporum , Paramphistomum cervi , S. mansoni , F. hepatica , Echinostoma caproni , D. subclavatus , Prosorhynchoides (= Bucephaloides ) gracilescens , and Microphallus piriformes (Krupenko, 2014; Mair, Maule, Shaw, Johnston, & Halton, 1998; Ŝebelová et al, 2004; Stewart et al, 2003; Terenina & Gustafsson, 2014; Tolstenkov et al, 2007). The diagonal muscles were not previously reported in the reproductive structures.…”

“…The hermaphroditic reproductive system of the trematodes is quite complex and consists of the male (the testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, and cirrus) and female organs (the ovary, oviducts, vitelline glands, ootype, uterus, seminal receptacle, and Mehlis glands). In (Krupenko, 2014;Mair, Maule, Shaw, Johnston, & Halton, 1998;Ŝebelová et al, 2004;Stewart et al, 2003;Terenina & Gustafsson, 2014;Tolstenkov et al, 2007). The diagonal muscles were not previously reported in the reproductive structures.…”

“…In D. dendriticum, radial, circular, and longitudinal muscles were found in the pharynx, diagonal and longitudinal muscles were observed in the wall of the esophagus, and circular, longitudinal, and diagonal muscles were detected in the anterior region of the intestine. Previous studies identified the presence of circular, longitudinal, and radial fibers in the pharynx; circular and longitudinal fibers, and in some cases diagonal fibers, were found in the esophagus and intestine of some trematodes (Mair, Maule, Shaw, Johnston, & Halton, 1998;Nefedova et al, 2021;Terenina et al, 2015;Tolstenkov et al, 2007Tolstenkov et al, , 2010. It should be noted that the musculature of the digestive system in trematodes has not yet been sufficiently studied and requires further careful investigation.…”