The organizational aspects of health care of students of institutions of higher professional education

Background: The Sverdlovsk Region is a large industrial area with a high demand for healthy workers. However, learning conditions in vocational schools, apart from study and work load, often have unsatisfactory sanitary and epidemiologic characteristics. Assessment of these factors is an important interdisciplinary task since they can affect health and professional fitness of graduates. Our objective was to analyze health indices in adolescents studying in secondary vocational schools of the Sverdlovsk Region. Materials and methods: We did a statistical analysis of health indices in 15 to 17-year-old adolescents based on data on seeking medical care, results of medical examinations, and disability rates in 2015–2019. Results: We observed a continuous increase in the regional rates of general morbidity and overall incidence (7.8% and 11.1%, respectively), pathological prevalence (16.8%), and disability (13.5%) among adolescents. One third of the regional teenagers studying in secondary vocational schools face additional medical, social, educational, and occupational risks. At present, it is impossible to assess health indicators by school types without conducting special studies. Conclusions: To preserve labor resources, it is necessary to introduce regular school-specific adolescent health monitoring and analysis. Investments in health protection of vocational school students will ensure high economic and social efficiency.

Key Issues in Assessing Health of Adolescents Getting Secondary Vocational Education

Kazantseva¹,

Ануфриева²

2020

Organizational and Methodological Approaches to Improving Activities of Healthcare Workers in Colleges

Kazantseva¹,

Ануфриева²

2021

Introduction. Attention to socio-economic challenges is increasing at the national level. Strategic plans of innovative development of the country can be implemented only through active involvement of adolescents, the nearest labor and reproductive potential, whose health acquires special importance. The objective of our study was to develop organizational and methodological approaches to improving health care services rendered by medical workers to students of secondary vocational schools. Materials and methods. We did a statistical analysis of health indices of adolescents in the Sverdlovsk Region for 2010–2019 and data of a sociological survey of medical workers in colleges. We also examined the system of providing medical care to students of vocational colleges and assessed its quality. Results. The prevalence of chronic diseases in adolescents of the Sverdlovsk is growing. College students are exposed to additional learning and work-related risk factors. At the same time, the quality of health care and the level of knowledge of medical workers in colleges are poor. In order to change the situation, an Organizational Standard for Medical Care in Colleges was developed. It orders managers to organize proper medical care for students and contains standard operating procedures for healthcare workers. In addition to that, interactive learning techniques have been developed and implemented in order to improve disease prevention in adolescents. Conclusion. The proposed set of measures aimed at regulating the work of medical personnel and increasing their level of knowledge will help improve the quality of medical care in colleges and raise awareness of health issues among students.

Functional Status of Medical College Students Majoring in Orthopedic Dentistry

Shkarin,

Zub,

Latyshevskaya

et al. 2023

Background: At present, diagnostics of premorbid conditions in medical college students is of particular importance owing to the extensive use of modern educational equipment, technologies and materials. Objective: To assess the functional status of first to third-year medical college students majoring in orthopedic dentistry. Materials and methods: In April–May 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 182 male students of the medical college at the Volgograd State Medical University, all majoring in orthopedic dentistry. The subjects were divided into three observation cohorts consisting of 66 first-year college students (mean age: 18.29 ± 0.11 years), 60 second-year students (19.84 ± 0.20 years), and 56 third-year students (20.66 ± 0.24 years). We established their heart rate variability and analyzed integrative indicators of functioning of the regulatory systems with a focus on adaptive capacities according to the method by R.M. Baevsky. The functional state of the central nervous system of the students was assessed using variational chronoreflexometry. Results: We observed balanced heart rate regulation (type 1) in most subjects (73 %). At the same time, by the final year of study the number of students with excessive sympathicotonic reaction was found to increase. Some young men showed an increase in the activity of regulatory systems above normal values. Suboptimal activity of the autonomic nervous system can reduce its efficiency and induce rapid CNS fatigue, which was confirmed by the results of variational chronoreflexometry. Discussion: We revealed a slight tension of regulatory systems having no adverse health effects in the male students. Yet, excessive sympathicotonic reaction noted in the third-year students indicated predisposition to disruption of mechanisms of adaptive capacity in some young men. Optimization of schoolwork pressure is one of the measures of preventing further negative changes in the functional status of student youth. The assessed score of schooling intensity of future dental technicians was 3.1. Conclusions: Our findings show that the study load causes increasing tension of the regulatory systems of the body. They justify the importance of improving the curriculum and developing a set of targeted measures for an increase in functional reserves of medical college students majoring in orthopedic dentistry.