The organophosphate insecticide Coumaphos induces oxidative stress and increases antioxidant and detoxification defences in the green macroalgae Ulva pertusa

Schweikert, Katja; Burritt, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.05.003

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…,b). Cellular markers of oxidative stress include increased lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) levels, which lead to an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, for example SOD and Catalase (Grene , Schweikert and Burritt ), and result in the destruction of membrane lipids, peroxidation, protein oxidation, enzyme inhibition, and DNA and RNA damage if not controlled (Mittler ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative stress is a process by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are normally produced at low levels in cells as by-products of routine metabolic processes such as respiration and photosynthesis, accumulate to levels that can cause cellular damage and general stress in a wide range of organisms when they are exposed to abiotic or biotic stressors , Clarke et al 2002, Burritt and MacKenzie 2003, Li and Burritt 2003a, Burritt 2008, Lister et al 2010a. Cellular markers of oxidative stress include increased lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) levels, which lead to an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, for example SOD and Catalase (Grene 2002, Schweikert andBurritt 2012), and result in the destruction of membrane lipids, peroxidation, protein oxidation, enzyme inhibition, and DNA and RNA damage if not controlled (Mittler 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Schweikert

Hurd²,

Sutherland

et al. 2014

Journal of Phycology

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It is generally accepted that ultraviolet (UV) radiation can have adverse affects on phototrophic organisms, independent of ozone depletion. The red intertidal seaweed Pyropia cinnamomea W.A. Nelson (previously Porphyra cinnamomea Sutherland et al. 2011), similar to many other intertidal macrophytes, is exposed to high levels of UV radiation on a daily basis due to emersion in the upper littoral zone. It has been shown that seaweeds, like higher plants, respond to an increased activity of antioxidative enzymes when exposed to stress. However, earlier investigations have shown that P. cinnamomea also compensates for stress due to UV radiation by increasing polyamine (PA) levels, especially bound-soluble and bound-insoluble PAs. The PA precursor putrescine (PUT) can be synthesized via two enzymatic pathways: arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Both of these enzymes showed increased activity in P. cinnamomea under UV stress. In higher plants, ADC is the enzyme responsible for increased PA levels during stress exposure, while ODC is correlated with cell division and reproduction. However, there are contrary findings in the literature. Using two irreversible inhibitors, we identified the enzyme most likely responsible for increased PUT synthesis and therefore increased stress tolerance in P. cinnamomea. Our results show that changes in the PA synthesis pathway in P. cinnamomea under UV stress are based on an increased activity of ADC. When either inhibitor was added, lipid hydroperoxide levels increased even under photosynthetically active radiation, suggesting that PAs are involved in protection mechanisms under normal light conditions as well. We also show that under optimum or low-stress conditions, ODC activity is correlated with PUT synthesis.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Schweikert

Hurd²,

Sutherland

et al. 2014

Journal of Phycology

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“…Stressful situations have been observed to cause disturbances in the pro-oxidant and/or antioxidant status of algae (Cebrian 2002, Sureda et al 2009, Schweikert and Burritt 2012. In the present work, the alien species C. taxifolia showed a more oxidised status and greater lipid damage, because the activities of antioxidant enzymes were lower than in the native species C. prolifera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

A new approach using biomarkers to elucidate the regression state of the invasive alga Caulerpa taxifolia in waters around the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea)

Tejada

Sureda

2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Invasive algae alter the structure and function of ecosystems. The green alga Caulerpa taxifolia is an invasive alga introduced in the Mediterranean Sea, whereas Caulerpa prolifera is a native species in Mediterranean waters. The aim of the current work was to determine the oxidative status of both Caulerpa species by means of biomarker measures as a possible indicator of the regression state of C. taxifolia in waters around the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean Sea). The levels of markers of lipid peroxidation, glutathione concentration, activities of antioxidant enzymes and caulerpenyne production were measured in C. prolifera and C. taxifolia fronds. The concentration of the end product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, was significantly higher in C. taxifolia than in C. prolifera samples. Antioxidant enzyme activities, namely superoxide dismutase glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, as well as the reduced glutathione : glutathione disulfide ratio were lower in C. taxifolia than in C. prolifera, although the concentrations of malondialdehyde were higher in the alien species. No differences were found in catalase activity or in the concentration of caulerpenyne. In conclusion, the invasive alga C. taxifolia presented a more oxidised status, which could be related to its regression in Mallorcan coastal waters.

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“…Protein carbonyl levels were determined in protein extracts, dialysed exhaustively against 100 mM potassium phosphate (pH 7Á5) to remove small molecules that could interfere with the assay, according to the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method, adapted for measurement in a microplate reader. The protein content of each extract was determined using the modified Lowry protein assay and protein carbonyl levels are expressed as nmol carbonyls mg À1 protein (Schweikert & Burritt, 2012).…”

Section: Protein Extraction and Protein Carbonyl Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SOD, CAT, GR and GST activities were determined using the microplate assays described by Schweikert & Burritt (2012). GPX was assayed using the spectrophotometric method as described in Phang et al (2011).…”

Section: Antioxidant Enzyme Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivar‐dependent yield reductions in white clover due to simulated grazing and White clover mosaic virus infection are associated with differences in storage reserves and antioxidant metabolism

2015

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White clover is considered amongst the most important forage legumes in temperate agricultural systems. It contributes to increased quality of pastures through its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, providing high nutritional feed for livestock. White clover is host to the potexvirus White clover mosaic virus (WClMV), which is readily transmitted via animal trampling/grazing and mowing. WClMV infection may strongly impact white clover's performance, affecting its ability to compete with other plants in the pasture. Understanding the extent to which the virus influences white clover's growth and yield may contribute to improve pastoral management by pointing out the importance of stress factors on pasture plant performance and herbage yield. In the current study, the effects of WClMV infection and simulated grazing on white clover's fitness, oxidative damage and the induction of antioxidants were investigated. Two cultivars of white clover, Grasslands Huia and Grasslands Kopu II, were subjected to three harvests. In response to WClMV infection and grazing-like cutting, white clover experienced oxidative stress as evidenced by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls. Biomass accumulation, given as fresh weight and dry matter content, was also negatively affected. Both stresses induced an increase in ascorbate and glutathione levels and enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase. Glutathione S-transferase activity and the levels of reduced ascorbate and reduced glutathione were not affected by either stress.

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The organophosphate insecticide Coumaphos induces oxidative stress and increases antioxidant and detoxification defences in the green macroalgae Ulva pertusa

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

A new approach using biomarkers to elucidate the regression state of the invasive alga Caulerpa taxifolia in waters around the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea)

Cultivar‐dependent yield reductions in white clover due to simulated grazing and White clover mosaic virus infection are associated with differences in storage reserves and antioxidant metabolism

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