“…However, abdominal distention or acute abdominal pain can be observed when the cyst is enough large, and complications such as hemorrhage, torsion, and rupture of the cyst have been reported in humans. Although rare, benign or malignant neoplasms such as papillary serous cystadenoma, endometroid cystadenocarcinoma, serous cystadenocarcinoma, or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma may occasionally develop in conjunction with parovarian cysts [2,6,8,10]. The clinical features of parovarian cysts, however, have not been evaluated in dogs because the occurrence of these lesions is extremely rare.…”