The origin and distribution of nitrate in groundwater from village wells in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Smith, Geoffrey D.; Wetselaar, Robbert; Fox, James J.; Graaff, Robert H. M. van de; Moeljohardjo, Doeljachman; Sarwono, Joko; Wiranto,; Asj'ari, Sri Rahajoe; Tjojudo, Suharto; Basuki,

doi:10.1007/s100400050230

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Based on previous work in Vietnam (Isenbarger et al 2001) and Indonesia (Smith et al 1999), it is likely that there is significant regional and seasonal variability, as well as the local variability also observed in the present study. the study no pathogenic bacteria were found in the water and hence it was not proven whether transmission through the groundwater was likely to be a significant route for infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Values were calibrated against standard nitrate solutions measured at the same temperature, later in the day (Smith et al 1999). …”

Section: Nitrate Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrate was measured using nitrate test strips with a Nitracheck reflectometer as described previously (Wetselaar et al 1998;Smith et al 1999). Values were calibrated against standard nitrate solutions measured at the same temperature, later in the day (Smith et al 1999).…”

Section: Nitrate Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our plan was to investigate nitrate measurements of well water as a possible indicator of contamination with sewage and animal waste, and then to attempt to determine if there was a correlation with bacterial counts. A detailed study in Indonesia showed that, although there was no direct correlation between nitrate concentrations and bacterial counts, in all cases where nitrate levels were high, bacterial numbers were also high (Smith et al 1999 Taylor 1974;Fan & Steinberg 1996), particularly in young children, but it has also been suggested that nitrate is associated with other diseases (Dijk-Looyaard & Montizaan 1990;Fan & Steinberg 1996), including oesophageal (Siddiqi et al 1992), stomach (Forman 1989) and urological (Volkmer et al 2005) cancers. Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrate and bacterial contamination in well waters in Vinh Phuc province, Vietnam

Cam

Lan

Smith

et al. 2008

Journal of Water and Health

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Measurements were made of the nitrate concentration and bacterial contamination of groundwater samples taken from both dug wells and bores in the commune of Hop Thinh', in the administrative district of Vinh Phuc, Vietnam. A significant number (18%) of samples had nitrate concentrations in excess of the WHO Guideline value for drinking water of 50 mg L 21, with a higher proportion in the dug wells (29%) than the bores (3.8%). High concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms were found in many of the dug wells and even in the deeper drilled bores. At the time of the study no Shigella or other infectious organisms were found. There was no correlation between nitrate concentration and bacterial content and it is concluded that nitrate concentration is not a good indicator for bacterial contamination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Values were calibrated against standard nitrate solutions measured at the same temperature, later in the day (Smith et al 1999). …”

Section: Nitrate Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nitrate Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nitrate and bacterial contamination in well waters in Vinh Phuc province, Vietnam

Cam

Lan

Smith

et al. 2008

Journal of Water and Health

Self Cite

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“…In a global context, five main causes of groundwater nitrate accumulation are known: (1) naturally occurring nitrogen fixation in desert areas, such as the arid regions of Australia (Barnes et al, 1992); (2) the decomposition of soil organic matter in the absence of a nitrate sink, e.g. in the case of deforestation (Faillat and Rambaud, 1991); (3) the use of nitrogen fertilizers in intensive agriculture (Dudley, 1990); (4) the concentration and decomposition of human and animal waste (Smith et al, 1999); and (5) land treatment 2305 of urban wastewater, the nature of which, in the context of crop production regions near urban centres in arid and semi-arid countries, is the subject of this paper. This paper addresses broad issues related to the potential reuse of municipal wastewaters on cropland systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of groundwater contamination by nitrates associated with wastewater irrigation: A case study in Shijiazhuang region, China

Tang

Chen

Shindo

et al. 2004

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:In arid and semi-arid regions there is usually a shortage of irrigation water; thus, wastewater water, as well as other lowquality water resources, may become an important source of water and nutrients. However, (pre)treated wastewater may contain elements and compounds that can damage the environment. It also has the potential to affect water quality adversely in an aquifer that may be the source of drinking water in the area. In order to assess the impacts of wastewater on the environment, groundwater samples were taken and analysed in typical croplands in the North China Plain, where urban wastewater or groundwater have been used for irrigation for several decades. Concentrations of nitrate NO 3 in groundwater in the study area varied from 50 to 130 mg l 1 in the croplands irrigated by wastewater, but in the croplands irrigated by pumping wells, away from the Dongming Canal, NO 3 concentrations are less than 35 mg l 1 . It was found that values of υ 15 N ranged from C5 to C13‰, and dominantly from C7 to C11‰, and the NO 3 concentration in most wells with depths of less than 40 m was higher than the drinking water standard set by the WHO. Cluster analysis was used to classify the spatial distribution of nitrates resulting from the wastewater. Identification of chemical patterns is found to be effective for the comprehensive assessment of the spatial distribution of groundwater quality. It is also emphasized that the wastewater in this area controls the NO 3 distribution in the groundwater, and should be used carefully to protect both soil and groundwater from NO 3 pollution.

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Numerical modeling of groundwater flow and nitrate transport in karst and wastewater irrigated agricultural and forest landscapes, PA, USA

Daniel,

Richendrfer,

Falta

et al. 2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Understanding the influence of treated wastewater reuse for irrigation on nitrate groundwater contamination in karstic landscape is critical for developing long‐term management plans and assessing the sustainability of these practices. The Pennsylvania State University has been operating a secondary treated wastewater effluent irrigation site—the “Living Filter”—since the 1960s. The objective of this study is to develop a regional groundwater flow and nitrate transport model to assess the impact of treated wastewater and disposal of large volumes of wastewater for irrigation of agricultural and forested lands on nitrate groundwater contamination in a karst landscape in the Spring Creek Watershed in central Pennsylvania. The modular three‐dimensional finite‐difference ground‐water flow model (MODFLOW) was used to construct the groundwater flow model of the local aquifer and simulate three‐dimensional regional changes in the water table over time. The simulation of nitrate fate and transport in the aquifer was conducted by developing a groundwater mass transport model using MODFLOW and a modular three‐dimensional transport multi‐species model (MT3DMS). The calibrated groundwater model yielded a root mean square error of 5.41 ft for the area of irrigation and 24.67 ft for the entire modeled area. Results of the calibrated model show the extension of a nitrate plume over most of the study area with concentrations below 10 mg·L−1 under the current 2015 setting and the long‐term 2035 scenario of increased irrigation rates. The nitrate migration was dominated by the presence of two high conductivity groundwater troughs adjacent to the study area resulting in a near steady‐state total mass since the 1990s.

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The origin and distribution of nitrate in groundwater from village wells in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Nitrate and bacterial contamination in well waters in Vinh Phuc province, Vietnam

Nitrate and bacterial contamination in well waters in Vinh Phuc province, Vietnam

Assessment of groundwater contamination by nitrates associated with wastewater irrigation: A case study in Shijiazhuang region, China

Numerical modeling of groundwater flow and nitrate transport in karst and wastewater irrigated agricultural and forest landscapes, PA, USA

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