“…The rare earth lanthanum is contained in a wide and important class of oxidation catalysts and electrocatalysts such as perovskites and MOF (Alcalde-Santiago et al, 2020;Lee, 2020;Karuppiah et al, 2021). These materials can be used as deep oxidation catalysts for a wide range of environmental applications (Hu et al, 2021;Ishisone et al, 2021;Le et al, 2021), which include membrane materials, electrocatalytic materials (Brugge et al, 2020), and materials in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) (Duan et al, 2020). La 2 O 3 is also widely used in materials applications, such as optical glasses, light-emitting materials, laser materials, and hydrogen storage materials (Dong et al, 2020;Le et al, 2021).…”