The Origin of Immunoglobulins in Intestinal Secretion of Sheep

Aw, Cripps; Husband, A J; Lascelles, A. K.

doi:10.1038/icb.1974.70

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Parasitespecific IgG1 controls H. polygyrus in mice through antibody-dependent activation of macrophages (Esser-von Bieren et al, 2013) and specific binding to parasite excretory-secretory antigens (Hewitson et al, 2015). It is possible that similar IgG-dependent mechanisms of anti-nematode immunity occur in sheep, particularly as IgG1 is prominent at mucosal surfaces in sheep (Cripps, Husband, & Lascelles, 1974).…”

Section: We Examined Between-individual Variation In Fec Within a 4-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive effort influences intra‐seasonal variation in parasite‐specific antibody responses in wild Soay sheep

Hayward

Pilkington²,

Wilson

et al. 2019

Functional Ecology

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A trade‐off between reproduction and immune function has been suggested to potentially underpin between‐individual and genetic variation in reproductive strategy, immunity and life span, with potential consequences for host and parasite dynamics. Previous studies in wild animal populations have shown that experimentally induced or natural variation in reproductive effort is negatively associated with general immune markers. Few studies, however, have tackled this question by measuring specific immune responses against prevalent pathogens, and only rarely has variation in immune measures been linked to parasite burden, making it impossible to draw conclusions about the functional relevance of covariation between reproductive effort and immune markers. We collected faecal samples in a longitudinal manner from wild female Soay sheep across late pregnancy and early lactation and measured gastrointestinal nematode faecal egg count (FEC) and worm‐specific antibody responses. Faecal egg count was highly repeatable, with c. 80% of variation due to between‐individual differences, while three isotypes of worm‐specific and total antibodies had moderate repeatability (range: 11%–43%). Females making a greater reproductive effort (those that reproduced, and especially those with heavier litters) showed a more rapid increase in FEC across the season, while non‐reproducing females and those producing lighter litters experienced lower FEC and had higher antibody levels. Associations between antibodies and FEC were complex: worm‐specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G was negatively associated with FEC, while total IgM was positively associated, emphasizing the importance of measuring both immune markers and parasite burden in ecological studies. Our results support the predicted trade‐off between reproductive effort and parasite‐specific immunity: high reproductive effort can limit the ability of individuals to defend themselves against prevalent parasites, with potential downstream consequences for fitness and parasite transmission. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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Section: We Examined Between-individual Variation In Fec Within a 4-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive effort influences intra‐seasonal variation in parasite‐specific antibody responses in wild Soay sheep

Hayward

Pilkington²,

Wilson

et al. 2019

Functional Ecology

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“…Such antibodies may be transferred from the serum back into the intestine, accounting for the persistence of IgG1 fecal antibodies after termination of colostrum feeding and providing transient passive protection. Other studies have documented the transport of serum lgG1 into the intestine in both sheep and cattle (15,46). Studies also indicated passively acquired serum rotavirus antibodies, in high titer, could protect against rotavirus-associated diarrhea in lambs (67), and high serum Ig concentrations correlated with absence of diarrhea in young calves (33).…”

Section: Passive Immunity Against Type 1 Viruses: Lactogenic Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Viral Infections of Calves and Passive Immunity

Saif¹,

Smith²

1985

Journal of Dairy Science

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At least eight viruses have been identified, four within the last 5 yr, that produce diarrhea and pathological intestinal lesions in experimentally inoculated calves. Coronavirus and rotavirus frequently are associated with the neonatal calf diarrhea syndrome, but the etiologic role of the newly identified viruses is undefined. All diarrheal viruses replicate within small intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in variable degrees of villous atrophy. Immunity against these viral infections, therefore, must be directed toward protection of the susceptible intestinal epithelial cells. Because most of these viral infections occur in calves less than 3 wk of age, passive lactogenic immunity within the gut lumen plays an important role in protection. This report reviews methods of boosting rotavirus antibody responses in bovine mammary secretions and analyses of passive and active immunity in calves supplemented with colostrum and challenged by rotavirus. Results indicate rotavirus immunoglobulin G1 antibodies in colostrum and milk were elevated after intramuscular and intramammary vaccination of pregnant cows with an Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center rotavirus vaccine but not after intramuscular immunization with a commercial rota-coronavirus vaccine. Feeding colostrum from intramuscular plus intramammary immunized cows to newborn calves challenged by rotavirus prevented diarrhea and shedding of rotavirus.

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“…The similar half-life of IgG1 in calves and in alder cattle suggests that a similar clearance mechanism is operating (Butler, !983;Nielsen et al, 1978;Husband et al, 1972). IgG transfer to the intestine has also been reported in other species: mouse (Fubara and Freter, 1972), rat (Wu and Walker, 1976), rabbit (Fubara, 1972;Wernet et al, 1976), dog (Anderson et al, 1963;Pierce and Reyqoldc, 1974), and sheep Cripps et al, 1974). In si~eep, Cripps et ~l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The transfer of serum IgG1 antibody into the gastrointestinal tract in newborn calves

Besser

McGuire

1987

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Transfer of functional blood IgG1 to the gastrointestinal tract was measured in neonatal calves. Radiolabelled immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) anti-DNP antibody was administered to 2 day old calves by intravenous injection. The serum clearance rate was measured and was compared to the rate of protein-bound 125I excretion in the feces over a 10 day period to determine the importance of transfer to the gastrointestinal tract as a mechanism of serum IgG1 clearance. The amount of protein-bound and DNP-binding 125I present in the gastrointestinal tract of 10 day old calves at necropsy was also measured. Fecal excretion of protein-bound 125I accounted for 32% of the serum 125I-IgG1 clearance. Protein-bound 125I was present in the gastrointestinal tract at necropsy in amounts estimated to account for 68% of the total 125I-IgG1 clearance, and retained 65% of the DNP-binding ability of the original antibody. The discrepancy between the fecal excretion (32% of total IgG1 clearance) and the GI clearance estimated from protein-bound 125I in the gut (68% of total IgG1 clearance) is explained in part by IgG1 proteolysis occurring after transfer to the gastrointestinal tract but before fecal excretion. These results indicate that transfer to the calf gastrointestinal tract accounts for most IgG1 clearance in young calves, and that the intestinal antibody retains antigen binding function and may contribute to intestinal immunity.

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The Origin of Immunoglobulins in Intestinal Secretion of Sheep

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Reproductive effort influences intra‐seasonal variation in parasite‐specific antibody responses in wild Soay sheep

Reproductive effort influences intra‐seasonal variation in parasite‐specific antibody responses in wild Soay sheep

Enteric Viral Infections of Calves and Passive Immunity

The transfer of serum IgG1 antibody into the gastrointestinal tract in newborn calves

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