The origins of Europe's first farmers: The role of Hacılar and Western Anatolia, fifty years on

Brami, Maxime; Heyd, Volker

doi:10.1515/pz.2011.011

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Çilin-giroglu 2010;Reingruber 2011;Brami, Heyd 2011;Horejs et al 2015). The radiocarbon dates indicate a simultaneous (decadel-scale) Neolithisation of the Turkish west coast and of the Peloponnese, which my colleague Lee Clare and I have attributed to climatic habitat-tracking due to widespread cold winter Rapid Climate Change (RCC) conditions, with a similar incentive presumably underlying the long-distance movement from the Near East along the Turkish south coast into the Aegean Clare 2016).…”

Section: Archaeological Examples Of Punctuated Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Niche Construction and Theory of Agricultural Origins. Case studies in punctuated equilibrium

Weninger

2017

Doc. praeh.

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IntroductionA central challenge to the theory of agricultural origins (TAO) concerns the integration and joint interpretation of the increasingly large amounts of numeric empirical data made available by participating scientific disciplines, for example, cultural studies, archaeobotany, archaeozoology, plant and animal genetics, radiometric dating, palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, and others. In a recently published study, Kristen Gremillion et al. (2014) have argued that it may be possible to unify the scientific results pertaining to TAO under the umbrella of neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory. To the same topic, Kim Niche construction and theory of agricultural origins. Case studies in punctuated equilibrium 7 of plants and animals, both microscopic and macroscopic, including humans (Gould, Eldredge 1977;Gould 1989;Jones et al. 1994;Laland et al. 2016;Saltz et al. 2016;Zeder 2016). NCT is equally promising for applications in archaeology, for which purpose even the elementary (unpretentious) renaming of the Neolithic Package as a mobile eco-system that is capable of environmental or climatic habitattracking may help students and researchers alike to achieve a qualitatively better understanding of the complex processes underlying Neolithisation. In the long run, however, quantitative modelling of archaeological NCT appears to be necessary. Punctuated Equilibrium (PE)In the following, let us explore what might happen in archaeological NCT discourse if concepts derived from the neo-darwinian theory of punctuated equilibrium (Gould, Eldredge 1977;Gould 2007) are taken into consideration. In contrast to classical Darwinian forecasting, the geological record shows not a slow and continuous fossil development (graduation), but instead long periods of stasis with no observable change. Then follows an abrupt switch from one species to the next (punctuation), with no apparent transition. According to Darwin's (and others'), explanation, the geological observation of a seemingly abrupt and quasi-instantaneous origination of new palaeontological species is caused by the notoriously imperfect character of the fossil record due to stratigraphic disturbance, incomplete preservation, and fragmentary research (Gould, Eldredge 1993.223). For PE theory, in contrast, the abrupt origination of species is the result neither of noisy or missing data, nor of an unobserved geographic switch in habitat, but the expected and meaningful consequence of a rapid genetic switch from one species to the next, following the law of natural selection. In a nutshell, most species originate in such brief moments of time, that expected 'transitions' have no apparent manifestation in the geological stratigraphy (Gould 2007).But how does PE work? As indicated above, many PE related processes are (today) subsumed under what is more commonly called the Theory of Complex Systems (or similar), but I propose we continue to use the term PE. An example from physics would be coulomb excitation, whereby a subatomic particle passes so close to an atomic nuc...

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Section: Archaeological Examples Of Punctuated Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Niche Construction and Theory of Agricultural Origins. Case studies in punctuated equilibrium

Weninger

2017

Doc. praeh.

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“…In the Lake District, the existence of the wares and the forms known from the previous stage, and the gradually increasing quantity of painted decoration in this period, suggests cultural continuity. The prevalence of painted pottery is assumed to be a phenomenon that led to a chronological break, not only in the region, but also in Anatolia as a whole, and which also filled the gap between the Near East and Southeastern Europe (Mellaart, 1966;Brami & Heyd, 2011; see also Krauβ, 2011). However, it should be noted that apart from clear continuity in all of western Anatolia, painted pottery was sporadic in Central-west Anatolia and was totally absent in Northwest Anatolia in this period.…”

Section: Eastern Thracementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Research and New Evidence for the Neolithization Process in Western Turkey

Özdoğan

2015

Eur. j. archaeol.

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Increasing research in western Anatolia since the 1990s onwards shows that the Neolithic way of life in this region emerged in the first half of the seventh millennium BC and evolved rapidly in the same millennium. Current data indicate western Anatolia, which is located alongside the primary zone of Neolithization in the Near East, has a complex constitution rather than being a bridge or barrier between east and west. In this article, data from past and current excavations in western Anatolia are discussed over time and space. In this context, eastern Thrace, where there are strong connections with west Anatolia, is also included.

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“…2 ky before ( 10 ). This sudden climatic crisis thus put to test the farming communities in the Near East and may have accelerated the spread of early farmers out of Anatolia to new pastures in Greek Macedonia, Thessaly, and Bulgaria ( 11 ).…”

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Evidence for the impact of the 8.2-kyBP climate event on Near Eastern early farmers

Roffet‐Salque

Marciniak

Valdes

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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SignificanceThis study reveals that animal fats preserved in pottery vessels from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage site of Çatalhöyük recorded the abrupt 8.2-thousand years B.P. climatic event in their hydrogen isotopic compositions. In addition, significant changes are observed in the archaeology and faunal assemblage of the site, showing how the early farming community at Çatalhöyük had to adapt to climate change. Significantly, this contribution shows that individual biomolecules preserved in ancient animal fats can be used to reconstruct paleoclimate records and thus, provides a powerful tool for the detection of climatic events at well-dated onsite terrestrial locations (i.e., at the very settlements where human populations lived).

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The origins of Europe's first farmers: The role of Hacılar and Western Anatolia, fifty years on

Cited by 37 publications

References 1 publication

Niche Construction and Theory of Agricultural Origins. Case studies in punctuated equilibrium

Niche Construction and Theory of Agricultural Origins. Case studies in punctuated equilibrium

Current Research and New Evidence for the Neolithization Process in Western Turkey

Evidence for the impact of the 8.2-kyBP climate event on Near Eastern early farmers

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