The origins of levels-of-processing effects in a conceptual test: Evidence for automatic influences of memory from the process-dissociation procedure

Bergerbest, Dafna; Goshen‐Gottstein, Yonatan

doi:10.3758/bf03213407

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Performance in perceptual tasks relies primarily on the processing of the physical attributes of the presented stimuli. Weldon and Coyote did obtain a levels-of-processing effect in word association (see also Bergerbest & Goshen-Gottstein, 2002), but the effect was less pronounced than in category-exemplar production. Proponents of the TAP framework (e.g., Roediger & McDermott, 1993) have classified word association as a conceptual implicit memory task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Semantic context effects and priming in word association

Zeelenberg

Pecher

Shiffrin

et al. 2003

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two experiments investigated priming in word association, an implicit memory task. In the study phase of Experiment 1, semantically ambiguous target words were presented in sentences that biased their interpretation. The appropriate interpretation of the target was either congruent or incongruent with the cue presented in a subsequent word association task. Priming (i.e., a higher proportion of target responses relative to a nonstudied baseline) was obtained for the congruent condition, but not for the incongruent condition. In Experiment 2, study sentences emphasized particular meaning aspects of nonambiguous targets. The word association task showed a higher proportion of target responses for targets studied in the more congruent sentence context than for targets studied in the less congruent sentence context. These results indicate that priming in word association depends largely on the storage of information relating the cue and target.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Semantic context effects and priming in word association

Zeelenberg

Pecher

Shiffrin

et al. 2003

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, this view is not shared by many authors dealing with the PDP. Indeed, in different studies, the authors have reported exclusion scores below chance levels and, nevertheless, have concluded that automatic processes played a role in the performance (e.g., Bergerbest & Goshen-Gottstein, 2002;Jacoby, Toth, & Yonelinas, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the impact of the explicit knowledge of sequence regularities on both deterministic and probabilistic serial reaction time task performance?

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to explore the role of prior explicit sequence knowledge by comparing its influence on serial reaction time (SRT) performance with either a deterministic or a probabilistic sequence. The results confirm that, with a deterministic sequence, preliminary explicit learning improves SRT performance. On the other hand, with a probabilistic sequence, the results show no advantage for SRT performance in explicitlearning conditions. In addition, by using the process dissociation procedure (Jacoby, 1991), we show that performance on a subsequent generation task was more sustained by controlled processes for participants in the explicit-learning conditions than for those in the incidental condition. On the whole, these results, showing that the influence of explicit knowledge can be suppressed in certain specific conditions, are consistent with the intervention of both implicit and explicit mechanisms in SRT tasks, and the results also show that their relative influence can be modulated by the particular demands of the task.

show abstract

“…The effect on automatic processing, on the other hand, has been inconsistent. Bergerbest and Goshen-Gottstein (2002) found more automatic activation for rating the pleasantness of items than for counting vowels or syllables. Toth et al (1994) and McBride and Dosher (1999), in contrast, found no increase in automatic activation across similar deep and shallow study conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Experiment 2, we implemented a levels-of-processing manipulation, as this is known to dramatically affect performance (Craik & Lockhart, 1972). In previous process-dissociation analyses of stem-completion tasks, processing level has been shown to dramatically affect estimates of recollection (Bergerbest & Goshen-Gottstein, 2002;McBride & Dosher, 1999;Toth, Reingold, & Jacoby, 1994). The effect on automatic processing, on the other hand, has been inconsistent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hierarchical process-dissociation model.

Rouder¹,

Lu²,

Morey³

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In fitting the process-dissociation model (L. L. Jacoby, 1991) to observed data, researchers aggregate outcomes across participant, items, or both. T. Curran and D. L. Hintzman (1995) demonstrated how biases from aggregation may lead to artifactual support for the model. The authors develop a hierarchical process-dissociation model that does not require aggregation for analysis. Most importantly, the Curran and Hintzman critique does not hold for this model. Model analysis provides for support of process dissociation--selective influence holds, and there is a dissociation in correlation patterns among participants and items. Items that are better recollected also elicit higher automatic activation. There is no correlation, however, across participants; that is, participants with higher recollection have no increased tendency toward automatic activation. The critique of aggregation is not limited to process dissociation. Aggregation distorts analysis in many nonlinear models, including signal detection, multinomial processing tree models, and strength models. Hierarchical modeling serves as a general solution for accurately fitting these psychological-processing models to data.

show abstract

The origins of levels-of-processing effects in a conceptual test: Evidence for automatic influences of memory from the process-dissociation procedure

Cited by 10 publications

References 67 publications

Semantic context effects and priming in word association

Semantic context effects and priming in word association

What is the impact of the explicit knowledge of sequence regularities on both deterministic and probabilistic serial reaction time task performance?

A hierarchical process-dissociation model.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About