The Origins of the Coastal and Marine Flora and Fauna of the Azores

Morton, Brian; Britton, Joseph

doi:10.4324/9780203180525_the_origins_of_the_coastal_and

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…These results are congruent with the colonization of the Macaronesian Islands through a stepping-stone process, as proposed by Santos et al (1995) and Almada et al (2001). Overall, the high affinity between the ichthyofauna of the Macaronesian Islands and the west African coast parallels the biogeographic patterns found with other taxonomic groups (see Morton & Britton 2000;Tuya & Haroun 2009). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Ichthyofauna of the Selvagens Islands. Do small coastal areas show high species richness in the northeastern Atlantic?

Abecasis

Villegas‐Ríos

Henriques

et al. 2014

Marine Biology Research

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The Selvagens Islands are located in the northeastern Atlantic between the Canary Islands and Madeira Island. As a result of their small size, remote location and harsh sea conditions only a few studies have been conducted to describe their marine species diversity. We were able to identify 29 new coastal fish species, an increase of 33% in the ichthyofauna described for these islands (n = 88). There is a prevalence of species with tropical affinities and only 2.3% (n = 2) are endemic to Macaronesia. Considered a stepping-stone colonization vector from the nearest continental shore, as proposed by other authors for this region, the Selvagens Islands host 34.1% of the ichthyofauna described for the much larger Canary Islands (n species = 258, submerged area n SelvagensIs. = 2.3%) and 47.3% of the ichthyofauna described for the more distantly located Madeira Island (n species = 186, submerged area n SelvagensIs. = 17.9%). Interestingly, 6.8% (n = 6) of the species failed to bridge the gap between the Selvagens Islands and Madeira Island. Data collected so far showed no trend toward an increasing number of species with high dispersal capability. The Selvagens Islands are an example of a high coastal species diversity occurring even in very small areas of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Ichthyofauna of the Selvagens Islands. Do small coastal areas show high species richness in the northeastern Atlantic?

Abecasis

Villegas‐Ríos

Henriques

et al. 2014

Marine Biology Research

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“…During the last two million years a series of ice ages, interglacial warming's and tectonic movements (especially in active areas such as plate junctions) have alternately lowered and raised sea levels and temperatures and produced changes in the positions and strengths of ocean currents (Morton & Britton, 2000). Today, the basic average ocean circulation pattern of the North Atlantic is an asymmetric, large-scale gyre, flowing to the north, on the western side, with the Gulf Stream transporting warm water of equatorial and tropical origin into the colder northern waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Azorean Archipelago

Micael

Alves

Jones

et al. 2012

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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A comprehensive review of the literature on shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) recorded in Azores was carried out to establish a definitive list for the Archipelago. A total of 49 echinoderm species was compiled, comprising members of all extant classes; Crinoidea (1), Asteroidea (12), Ophiuroidea (11), Echinoidea (10) and Holothuroidea (7). References of asteroids occurence in the Azores, including historical records and distribution of asteroids from the Azores are given. Seven asteroid species recorded found in the Azores are found also in the Mediterranean and adjoining Atlantic coastlines, three are recorded from the Mediterranean and both sides of the Atlantic, one is limited to the Eastern Atlantic and one is circumtropical. Differences between the littoral hydrological conditions found on the North American coast and those in Azores makes the colonization from American coasts particularly difficult and probably are related to chance events like the episodic anomalies found in the general pattern of oceanic circulation. Asteroids are important in determining habitat structure for other species and can represent a substantial portion of the ecosystem biomass.

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“…taxa that lack larval stages) are more widely distributed than expected from their life history traits. The mechanism responsible for these high dispersal abilities is believed to be the association with rafts (Jokiel 1984, Johannesson 1988, Parker & Tunnicliffe 1994, Morton & Britton 2000, Mora 2001) such as floating seaweed (Holmquist 1994, Worcester 1994, Ingolfsson 1995, Hobday 2000. In fact, rafting may provide a more efficient means of colonizing remote areas than larval dispersal (Johannesson 1988, Helmuth et al 1994.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evidence for long-distance colonization in an Indo-Pacific seahorse lineage

Teske¹,

Hamilton²,

Palsbøll³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Mitochondrial control region (mtDNA CR) diversity within and among 6 seahorse populations associated with the Indo-Pacific Hippocampus kuda complex (H. kuda from India, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines, H. fuscus from the Red Sea and H. capensis from South Africa) was compared to determine whether there was support for the hypothesis that seahorses are able to colonize remote areas by means of rafting. Analyses performed on the data-set included phylogenetic reconstructions, estimation of relative population ages, tests for evidence of population expansion, pairwise migration rates and divergence times, as well as relationships between genetic and geographic distances. The mtDNA data indicate that all populations have undergone recent expansions, but that the timing of these events differed. The H. kuda population from India was found to be the oldest, whereas the expansion of the H. fuscus population from the Red Sea took place most recently. The fact that all seahorse populations studied are characterized by a single ancestral mtDNA haplotype and migration rates are low in most cases, as well as the fact that no significant relationship between genetic and geographic distances was found, indicates that colonization of distant habitats by a small number of founding individuals may be common in seahorses associated with the H. kuda complex. As the level of subsequent gene flow among populations is low, this may result in rapid speciation.

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The Origins of the Coastal and Marine Flora and Fauna of the Azores

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Ichthyofauna of the Selvagens Islands. Do small coastal areas show high species richness in the northeastern Atlantic?

Ichthyofauna of the Selvagens Islands. Do small coastal areas show high species richness in the northeastern Atlantic?

Diversity of shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Azorean Archipelago

Molecular evidence for long-distance colonization in an Indo-Pacific seahorse lineage

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