The Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire: Translation and Validation into Dutch

Abstract

The aim of this study is to translate and validate the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ) in the Dutch language (OQLQ-NL). Methods: The translation of the OQLQ into the Dutch language was performed following the guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaption of Self-Report Measures. Sixty-two patients who received orthognathic surgery in the past 10 years were included for participation. Internal reliabilities of the OQLQ-NL were evaluated for multiple item scales with the use of the Cronbach alpha coefficient. For the establishment of the test-retest reliability, the OQLQ-NL was repeated with a 2-week interval and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. Spearman correlation was used to test the correlation with the OHIP-49NL and the FACE-Q, to be able to evaluate the construct validity of the OQLQ-NL. Results: Thirty-five patients filled in the OQLQ-NL, OHIP49NL, and FACE-Q upon arrival and 22 patients returned the OQLQ-NL after 2 weeks (response rate of 56.6% and 62.9%, respectively). The OQLQ-NL showed excellent results in internal reliability and testretest reliability. The vast majority of the correlations between the domains of the questionnaires were as expected. Data from this study and previous studies confirm the construct validity of the OQLQ-NL Conclusion: The OQLQ-NL appears to be a valid and reliable instrument to measure quality of life for patients receiving orthognathic surgery in the Netherlands.

Translation, Transcultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Hebrew Language Version of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire for the Assessment of Quality of Life in Orthognathic Patients

“…In our analysis of internal consistency using Cronbach alpha, all domains yielded values above the accepted 0.7, ranging from 0.86 to 0.95, demonstrating that the OQLQ-HE has adequate internal consistency. These values correspond with other translation versions 14–17 . Regarding reliability, the test-retest analysis showed very high ICC, ranging from 0.92 to 0.99 ( P < 0.01), exhibiting repeatability and consistency over time.…”

“…The OQLQ-HE validation was done by 3 instruments, in the same way as other translation validations were conducted; [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] reliability (internal consistency and ICC), sensitivity, and validity.…”

“…Our results are consistent with similar OQLQ translations reliability analysis, yet slightly higher. 11,13,15 Sensitivity Using the Wilcoxon test, analyzing responses to change, the difference in only 3 questions was not statistically significant. Two questions in the "oral function" domain did not show significant change before and after treatment; these questions dealt with physical pain and food intake ability, initially having lower OQLQ scores, implying these issues were of less concern to our participants in the presurgical setting.…”

“…These values correspond with other translation versions. [14][15][16][17] Regarding reliability, the test-retest analysis showed very high ICC, ranging from 0.92 to 0.99 (P < 0.01), exhibiting repeatability and consistency over time. Our results are consistent with similar OQLQ translations reliability analysis, yet slightly higher.…”

“…The questionnaire is also brief, making it suitable for use alongside other instruments, such as generic measures or psychological assessments, and also, likely to be of clinical relevance in situations, such as clinical trials (ie, comparing the effects of the single jaw and bimaxillary surgery). Since the development of the OQLQ, it has been translated and validated into several languages, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] showing high reliability and validity. A translated Hebrew version of the OQLQ (OQLQ-HE) has been used to assess QOL in orthognathic patients among the Israeli population, 18 yet without the process of validation and adaptation.…”