The Osmoregulatory System and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Pre-Eclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy

Eb, Pedersen; Johannesen, P.; Rasmussen, A. B.; Danielsen, H.

doi:10.3109/00365518509155270

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As a consequence, the AVP levels may be not differ ent in patients with PIH and in normal pregnant women, as was noted in our study. Similar findings have been reported by Pedersen et al [22] who have found no significant difference in the plasma concentrations of AVP measured in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy in pa tients with preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Arginine Vasopressin in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Elias

Vaziri

Pandian

et al. 1988

Nephron

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Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and arginine vasopressin concentrations were measured in 9 patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension. The results were compared to those found in 7 normal pregnant women matched for age, duration of pregnancy, and parity. Plasma ANP levels were significantly higher in the pregnancy-induced hypertension patients than in the control group. Plasma arginine vasopressin concentrations, however, were not significantly different in the two populations. The mechanism of the observed rise in ANP concentrations in the patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension is not known. However, it may be related to a rise in intra-atrial pressures secondary to hypertension, an increase in baroreceptor discharge as a result of hypertension, or, less likely, the ANP may be released from extracardiac sites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Arginine Vasopressin in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Elias

Vaziri

Pandian

et al. 1988

Nephron

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“…Reports of ANG II plasma concentrations in pre-eclampsia/eclampsia syndrome are not uniform. Normal [9,10] and reduced concentrations [11,12] were found when compared with normotensive pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Peripartal Temporal Course of Endothelin 1, Angiotensin II, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Pre-Eclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy

Zunker¹,

Happe

Louwen

et al. 1998

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: To investigate the temporal peripartal course of plasma endothelin 1 (ET-1), angiotensin II (ANG II), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in patients with pre-eclampsia as compared to women with normotensive pregnancy. Methods: Levels of ET-1, ANG II, and ANP were measured by means of radio-immunoassay twice a week in 17 patients with pre-eclampsia and in 17 women with normotensive uncomplicated pregnancy during four different periods: (a) from admission to 1 week before delivery, (b) 1st week before delivery, (c) 1st week after delivery, and (d) 2nd week after delivery. Results: ET-1 levels were not statistically different between the two groups. ANG II concentrations were lower in the pre-eclampsia group than in the control group with statistical significance in period c (2.8 ± 3.0 vs. 7.1 ± 5.9 pg/ml, mean ± SD). ANP levels were higher in pre-eclamptic women than in the control group, the difference being statistically significant in period a (54 ± 46 vs. 11 ± 16 pg/ml) and in period c (122 ± 134 vs. 39 ± 22 pg/ml). Conclusions: There are considerable differences in ANP and ANG II concentrations during the peripartal period between patients with pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnant women. Decreased ANG II and elevated ANP levels in the 1st week postpartum may reflect the clinical observation that some women deteriorate in this period.

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“…How do such observations in rodent gestation relate to the changes in osmoregulation observed in human pregnancy? Studies in human pregnancy Several groups have measured vasopressin levels in pregnant women, during either cross-sectional and/or serial studies, and in some of these reports PAVp was related to body tonicity either in the basal state or following overnight water deprivation (8,(16)(17)(18). Most author fail to provide the evidence necessary to determine if their assay was reliable.…”

Section: Arginine Vasopressin Release and Thirstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy

Lindheimer

Davison

1995

European Journal of Endocrinology

155

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This review stresses changes in osmoregulation as well as the secretion and metabolism of arginine vasopressin during pregnancy, focusing on human gestation. Pregnant women experience a decrease in body tonicity, plasma osmolality decreasing immediately after conception to a nadir approximately 10 mosmol/kg below non-pregnant levels early in pregnancy, after which a new steady state is maintained until term. Data from both human and rodent gestation have led to a formation of how these changes occur. The osmotic thresholds for thirst and antidiuretic hormone release decrease in parallel. Lowering the threshold to drink stimulates increased water intake and dilution of body fluids. Because arginine vasopressin (AVP) release is not suppressed at the usual level of body tonicity, the hormone continues to circulate and the ingested water is retained. Plasma osmolality declines until it is below the osmotic thirst threshold, and a new steady state with little change in water turnover is established. Pregnancy is characterized by increments in intravascular volume, but volume-sensing AVP release mechanisms appear to adjust as gestation progresses so that each new volume status is "sensed" as normal. The metabolic clearance of AVP increases fourfold, the rise paralleling that of circulating cystine aminopeptidase (vasopressinase), and enzyme produced by the placenta. Furthermore, the disposal rate of 1-deamino-8-D-AVP, and AVP analogue resistant to inactivation by vasopressinase, is unaltered in pregnancy. Thus, the increase in AVP's metabolism and the high circulating aminopeptidase levels have been implicated in certain forms of transient diabetes insipidus that occur in late pregnancy. Finally, mechanisms responsible for the altered osmoregulation in pregnancy are obscure, but chorionic gonadotropin and relaxin may be implicated in the changes.

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The Osmoregulatory System and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Pre-Eclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Arginine Vasopressin in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Arginine Vasopressin in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension

Peripartal Temporal Course of Endothelin 1, Angiotensin II, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Pre-Eclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy

Osmoregulation, the secretion of arginine vasopressin and its metabolism during pregnancy

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