The other, ignored HIV — highly invasive vegetation

Gressel, Jonathan; Valverde, Bernal E.

doi:10.1007/s12571-009-0038-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Weedy (often termed feral or red) rice is a bane to rice production (Valverde, 2005;Gressel and Valverde, 2009a;Sun et al, 2013). It had been kept under a modicum of control by transplanting selected, 1-month-old rice seedlings into a just-cultivated, then flooded, weedfree field.…”

Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other weeds can be controlled by rice-selective herbicides, but not weedy rice. Weedy rice became the major weed throughout the world soon after going from transplanting to direct seeding, first in Europe (Busconi et al, 2012), then the Americas, then Thailand as it industrialized, followed by other Asian countries (Gressel and Valverde, 2009a), including China (Sun et al, 2013). This follows the order of massive labor movement from field to factory, leaving no choice but to direct seed rice.…”

Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of resistance appearing by outcrossing from rice to weedy rice was much higher than the mutation to resistance in weedy rice (Goulart et al, 2012), despite the many possible mutations in the ALS gene responsible for this resistance. The Clearfield technology was lost in a few seasons in Italy (Busconi et al, 2012), Brazil (Marchesan et al, 2011), and Central America and some other areas, sometimes exacerbated by using low-quality (often contaminated with weedy rice) seed for planting (Gressel and Valverde, 2009a).…”

Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Multicopy Transposons Bearing Unfitness Genes in Weed Control: Four Example Scenarios

Gressel

Levy

2014

Plant Physiology

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We speculate that multicopy transposons, carrying both fitness and unfitness genes, can provide new positive and negative selection options to intractable weed problems. Multicopy transposons rapidly disseminate through populations, appearing in approximately 100% of progeny, unlike nuclear transgenes, which appear in a proportion of segregating populations. Different unfitness transgenes and modes of propagation will be appropriate for different cases: (1) outcrossing Amaranthus spp. (that evolved resistances to major herbicides); (2) Lolium spp., important pasture grasses, yet herbicide-resistant weeds in crops; (3) rice (Oryza sativa), often infested with feral weedy rice, which interbreeds with the crop; and (4) self-compatible sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), which readily crosses with conspecific shattercane and with allotetraploid johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). The speculated outcome of these scenarios is to generate weed populations that contain the unfitness gene and thus are easily controllable. Unfitness genes can be under chemically or environmentally inducible promoters, activated after gene dissemination, or under constitutive promoters where the gene function is utilized only at special times (e.g. sensitivity to an herbicide). The transposons can be vectored to the weeds by introgression from the crop (in rice, sorghum, and Lolium spp.) or from planted engineered weed (Amaranthus spp.) using a gene conferring the degradation of a no longer widely used herbicide, especially in tandem with an herbicide-resistant gene that kills all nonhybrids, facilitating the rapid dissemination of the multicopy transposons in a weedy population.

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Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Four Examples Of Intractable Weeds Needing Potentially Diffementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Use of Multicopy Transposons Bearing Unfitness Genes in Weed Control: Four Example Scenarios

Gressel

Levy

2014

Plant Physiology

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“…Researchers have tried for decades to find resistance genes in maize effective against S. hermonthica but as the centres of origins of the two species are on different continents, the Americas and Africa, respectively, they have not co-evolved and it is therefore probable that maize has no intrinsic resistance (Gressel and Valverde 2009). Only recently, an indigenous species Zea diploperennis, similar to maize, has been found to have a modest level of resistance (Amusan et al 2008).…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of a few of these factors allowed sorghum to have normal yields, even if some Striga plants grew and set seed. Breeding these traits into local cultivars has been facilitated by the use of genetic markers, resulting in sorghum lines with high resistance Gressel and Valverde 2009).…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging infectious diseases of crop plants in developing countries: impact on agriculture and socio-economic consequences

2010

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Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) caused by plant pathogens can develop into unexpected and very serious epidemics, owing to the influence of various characteristics of the pathogen, host and environment. Devastating epidemics, having social implications by increasing the rate of urbanization, occurred in the past in Europe, and many other EIDs still occur with high frequency in developing countries. Although the ability to diagnose diseases and the technologies available for their control are far greater than in the past, EIDs are still able to cause tremendous crop losses, the economic and social impact of which, in developing countries, is often underestimated. In the present article, four of the most important EIDs in developing countries are considered from the standpoint of their origin, characteristics, symptoms, mode of spread, possible control strategies, economic impact and the socio-economic consequences of their dissemination. They are Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease,capable of reducing yields by 80–90% and causing the suspension of cassava cultivation in many areas of East Africa; Striga hermonthica, a parasitic weed affecting cereals in an area of at least 5 million hectares in Sub- Saharan Africa; Xanthomonas Wilt of Banana, a bacterial disease that caused around 50% yield losses at the beginning of 21st century in Uganda and is threatening the food security of about 70 million people owing to its impact on an important staple crop; and race Ug99 of the rust fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, which is having a tremendous impact on wheat in Uganda, and is also threatening most of the wheat-growing countries of the world

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Invasive Plants

Bohren

2017

Weed Research

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The other, ignored HIV — highly invasive vegetation

Abstract: Weeds, Striga , Witchweed, Rice, Weedy rice, Feral rice, Echinochloa , Maize, Sorghum,

Cited by 14 publications

References 73 publications

Use of Multicopy Transposons Bearing Unfitness Genes in Weed Control: Four Example Scenarios

Use of Multicopy Transposons Bearing Unfitness Genes in Weed Control: Four Example Scenarios

Emerging infectious diseases of crop plants in developing countries: impact on agriculture and socio-economic consequences

Invasive Plants

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