The Ottoman Qasr at Hisban: Architecture, Reform, and New Social Relations

LaBianca, Oystein S.; Carroll, Lynda; Fenner, Adam

doi:10.1086/nea25067666

Cited by 6 publications

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“…The Ottoman period has become a focus of several studies at Hisban over the past three decades (e.g., Carroll et al 2006;LaBianca 1990;Russell 1989;Walker 2001;Walker andLaBianca 2003, 2005). The multidisciplinary investigations of the Ottoman period at Hisban include ethnographic surveys of the village of Hisban and the surrounding area (Chaudoir and Habash n.d.;LaBianca 1990;Oestgaard et al 2003;Walker and LaBianca 2003); historical studies (Russell 1989); systematic archaeological surveys of the surrounding wadis and the hinterland (e.g., Ibach 1987;LaBianca 1990); survey and documentation of the architectural remains of the nineteenth-century farmstead complex (Ahmad et al 2001;Carroll et al 2006;Walker and LaBianca 2003); and the examination of Ottoman period remains on the tell site itself (Walker 2001). Each of these lines of evidence point towards a shift from pastoralism and cultivation to increased settlement and the formation of a large farmstead at Hisban in the second half of the nineteenth century, which was supplemented by pastoralism.…”

Section: Investigating the Ottoman Farmstead At Hisbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, the farmhouse complex, the remains of storage facilities, and evidence for the use of caves illustrated the transformation in the landscape of Hisban as a result of the Tanzimat. In particular, the phases of construction of the farmhouse were targeted, to examine the changes in the landscape and land use over time (Figure 4; Ahmad et al 2001;Carroll et al 2006;Walker and LaBianca 2003).…”

Section: Investigating the Ottoman Farmstead At Hisbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.15). The two-story farmhouse includes single-storied dome-vaulted store rooms, and a second story (Ahmad et al 2001;Carroll et al 2006).…”

Section: Investigating the Ottoman Farmstead At Hisbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sowing the Seeds of Modernity on the Ottoman Frontier: Agricultural Investment and the Formation of Large Farms in Nineteenth-Century Transjordan

Carroll

2008

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________________________________________________________________In the nineteenth century, the Ottoman Empire initiated a series of modernization reforms. In an effort to address the economic viability of the state, it turned its attentions to its frontiers, in an attempt to bring these regions back into the fold of the empire. In Transjordan, the state targeted Bedouin subjects; as part of the Ottoman project of modernity, efforts were made to settle nomadic pastoralists and transform pastureland into agricultural spaces. The rural countryside was opened to capitalist investment in agriculture. However, agricultural intensification, and the establishment of large farms created a crisis of modernity for many Bedouin. The intensification of agriculture brought increased taxation, diminished control over production, indebtedness, and ultimately the appropriation of land. But some Bedouin used the built environment and natural landscape to confront the Ottoman project of modernity as it unfolded on the frontier.

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Section: Investigating the Ottoman Farmstead At Hisbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Investigating the Ottoman Farmstead At Hisbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sowing the Seeds of Modernity on the Ottoman Frontier: Agricultural Investment and the Formation of Large Farms in Nineteenth-Century Transjordan

Carroll

2008

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Above and Beyond Ancient Mounds: The Archaeology of the Modern Periods in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean

Baram

2009

International Handbook of Historical Archaeology

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Building Farmsteads in the Desert: Capitalism, Colonialism, and the Transformation of Rural Landscapes in Late Ottoman Period Transjordan

Carroll

2011

Contributions to Global Historical Archaeology

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In the second half of the nineteenth century, merchant settlers from Palestine crossed the Jordan River and moved east into the Balqa' region of the Transjordan. Under a new Ottoman land tenure system, these settlers acquired land and invested in large-scale agricultural production, and constructed a series of large farmstead complexes, transforming the cultural and physical landscape of Transjordan's rural countryside. Many Bedu tribes that had previously used the landscape mainly for pastureland were drawn into this new economy as laborers, and their pastures were turned into large farms.While the development of large farmsteads in Transjordan and the Middle East is part of the process of capitalist expansion into the rural countryside, the intersection of capitalist investment with the empire's changing administrative policies were part of a new colonial discourse; during the nineteenth century, the Ottoman state attempted to redefine its relationship to nomadic groups and embraced the ideologies of colonialism in its efforts to settle its Bedu subjects and turn pastureland into agricultural spaces.Archaeological approaches to changing settlement in late Ottoman period Transjordan, however, move beyond a view that global structures were simply imposed on tribal groups. Instead, Bedu use of landscapes -both hidden and visiblehelped them negotiate their everyday lived conditions, by creating their own challenges to the structures of state, capitalism and colonialism.

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The Ottoman Qasr at Hisban: Architecture, Reform, and New Social Relations

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Sowing the Seeds of Modernity on the Ottoman Frontier: Agricultural Investment and the Formation of Large Farms in Nineteenth-Century Transjordan

Sowing the Seeds of Modernity on the Ottoman Frontier: Agricultural Investment and the Formation of Large Farms in Nineteenth-Century Transjordan

Above and Beyond Ancient Mounds: The Archaeology of the Modern Periods in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean

Building Farmsteads in the Desert: Capitalism, Colonialism, and the Transformation of Rural Landscapes in Late Ottoman Period Transjordan

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