The Outbreak of Hepatitis A: Evidence in Pacitan District

Abstract

Introduction: Indonesia is a country with a high geographical distribution of hepatitis A. In June 2019, the government established the status of hepatitis A outbreaks in Pacitan District, which is spread across several districts. Based on data from the District Health Office of Pacitan, there were 1,310 peoples with hepatitis A on October 2019. Through this study, the relation between knowledge, attitudes, and personal hygiene as risk factors of hepatitis A outbreaks in Pacitan District can be identified. Methods: Observational analytic methods and case control research design were used in this study. The population was 280 people. The sample consisted of 60 peoples with case of 30 peoples and control of 30 peoples. Case and control samples were taken randomly (simple random sampling). The research data were collected using the interview method, then analyzed using the Chi Square test and the Contingency Coefficient. Results and Discussion: There was a correlation between knowledge level with the occurrence of hepatitis A outbreaks (p-value = 0.002 <0.05), attitudes with hepatitis A (pvalue = 0.004 <0.05), and personal hygiene with the occurrence of hepatitis A outbreaks (pvalue = 0.001 <0.05). Conclusion: Inadequate knowledge, inappropriate personal hygiene lead to the spread of hepatitis A outbreaks in the working area of Primary Health Care of Ngadirojo, Pacitan District.

Length of stay and hospitalisation rates in Indonesian patients with paediatric hepatitis A: 2015-2021

“…Our findings showed a spike in hospitalised paediatric hepatitis A patients in 2016 and 2019. This was in accordance with the outbreak in Pacitan district in 2016 11 and Surabaya in 2019 12 , Indonesia.…”

“…Our laboratory analysis found that MLR and BUN may be an indicator of hepatitis A severity as these values were significantly higher in the prolonged group. The urea synthesis capacity decreases in patients with compromised liver function, but increases in patients with inflammation 11 . The inflammation that occurs in hepatitis A patients might explain why the BUN value was high.…”