The Ovarian Development Genes of Bisexual and Parthenogenetic Haemaphysalis longicornis Evaluated by Transcriptomics and Proteomics

Wang, Tianhong; Wang, Tongxuan; Zhang, Meng; Shi, Xinyue; Zhang, Miao; Wang, Hui; Yang, Xiaolong; Yu, Zhijun; Liu, Jingze

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.783404

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The continuation of life from generation to generation through reproduction and development is the biological basis for the proliferation of life [37]. The biological advantages of A. parthenogenetica , such as colonial offspring production, relatively short lifespan and reproductive cycle, make it more suitable for the study of reproductive processes and molecular mechanisms [38,39]. In the present study, the spatio-temporal features of ovarian development and oogenesis in A. parthenogenetica were clarified by means of in vivo and in vitro approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal patterns of ovarian development and VgR gene silencing reduced fecundity in parthenogenetic Artemia

Duan,

Shao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Open Biol.

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The halophilic zooplankton brine shrimp Artemia has been used as an experimental animal in multidisciplinary studies. However, the reproductive patterns and its regulatory mechanisms in Artemia remain unclear. In this study, the ovarian development process of parthenogenetic Artemia ( A. parthenogenetica ) was divided into five stages, and oogenesis or egg formation was identified in six phases. The oogenesis mode was assumed to be polytrophic. We also traced the dynamic translocation of candidate germline stem cells (cGSCs) using EdU labelling and elucidated several key cytological events in oogenesis through haematoxylin and eosin staining and fluorescence imaging. Distinguished from the ovary structure of insects and crustaceans, Artemia germarium originated from ovariole buds and are located at the base of the ovarioles. RNA-seq based on five stages of ovarian development identified 2657 upregulated genes related to reproduction by pair-to-pair comparison. Gbb , Dpp , piwi , vasa , nanos , VgA and VgR genes associated with cGSCs recognition and reproductive development were screened and verified using qPCR. Silencing of the VgR gene in A. parthenogenetica ( Ap-VgR ) at ovarian development Stage II led to a low level of gene expression (less than 10%) within 5 days, which resulted in variations in oogenesis-related gene expression and significantly inhibited vitellogenesis, impeded oocyte maturation, and eventually decreased the number of offspring. In conclusion, we have illustrated the patterns of ovarian development, outlined the key spatio-temporal features of oogenesis and identified the negative impacts of VgR gene knockdown on oogenesis using A. parthenogenetica as an experimental animal. The findings of this study also lay a foundation for the further study of reproductive biology of invertebrates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal patterns of ovarian development and VgR gene silencing reduced fecundity in parthenogenetic Artemia

Duan,

Shao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Open Biol.

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“…Distinguishing between the morphologies of these two reproductive groups is challenging, except for differences in Haller's organ and the genital apron [19]. Recent studies utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have aided in describing the morphological characteristics of these reproductive populations [21]. Additionally, parthenogenetic H. longicornis exhibits larger body weight than bisexual H. longicornis at all developmental stages, and the former produces approximately twice as many offspring as the latter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant efforts have been devoted to characterizing the taxonomic status, geographical distribution, morphological features, and chromosomal ploidy diversity of various Haemaphysalis species [10,15,19,21]. However, the parthenogenetic population of H. longicornis has exhibited widespread distribution in China and has demonstrated a higher dispersal rate compared to the bisexual population [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Bisexual and Parthenogenetic Populations in Haemaphysalis Longicornis

Zhao,

Cai,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Haemaphysalis longicornis, a three-host tick with a wide host range, is widely distributed in different countries and regions. It stands out among ticks due to its unique feature of having both parthenogenetic and bisexual populations. Despite their morphological resemblance, the characteristics of the parthenogenetic population have been overlooked. In this comprehensive study, we systematically compared the similarities and differences between these two populations. Our investigation revealed that the parthenogenetic H. longicornis, widely distributed in China, was found in ten provinces, surpassing the previously reported distribution. Notably, individuals from the parthenogenetic population exhibited a prolonged blood-feeding duration during the larval and nymph stages compared to their bisexual counterparts. Additionally, the life cycle of the parthenogenetic population was observed to be longer. A flow cytometry analysis indicated a DNA content ratio of approximately 2:3 between the bisexual and parthenogenetic populations. A phylogenetic analysis using whole mitochondrial genome sequences resulted in the separation of the phylogenetic tree into two distinct branches. A molecular analysis unveiled a consistent single T-base deletion at nucleotide 8497 in the parthenogenetic population compared to the bisexual population. Both populations displayed high viral infection capability and significant resistance to ivermectin. Intriguingly, despite these differences, the parthenogenetic population exhibited a similar life cycle to the bisexual population, retaining the ability to transmit pathogens such as Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and Heartland Virus (HRTV). These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the distinct characteristics and similarities between different populations of H. longicornis, laying the foundation for future research in this field.

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“…2021), and different reproductive groups (Wang et al . 2021). More recently, the genome sequence of H. longicornis was assembled (Yu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference gene selection for normalizing gene expression using quantitative real‐time PCR in Haemaphysalis longicornis

Park

Kim

Goh

et al. 2023

Entomological Research

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The Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, the dominant species of Ixodidae in Korea, has a wide distribution in East Asia, far‐East Russia, and Western Pacific countries, and has recently been discovered in the Eastern states of the United States of America. H. longicornis transmits various pathogens, including Babesia ovate, Rickettsia japonica, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Considering its medical importance, in order to understand the physiology of H. longicornis, it is crucial to determine the expression of the genes of interest. Although quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) has been widely used to analyze gene expression, stably‐expressed internal reference genes across samples of different conditions should be selected for the accurate normalization of target gene expression levels. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression levels of five candidate reference genes, namely ACT, RPP0, RPL23, TUB, and GAPDH, in H. longicornis under different conditions, including different collection months, developmental stages, and SFTSV infection status. Using four software programs, namely, NormFinder, BestKeeper, geNorm, and RefFinder, their expression stabilities were evaluated. Subsequently, a single gene between RPL23 and RPP0 was validated, which was found to be most stable reference gene after comparing the expression levels of HSP70 determined using different normalization methods.

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The Ovarian Development Genes of Bisexual and Parthenogenetic Haemaphysalis longicornis Evaluated by Transcriptomics and Proteomics

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Spatio-temporal patterns of ovarian development and VgR gene silencing reduced fecundity in parthenogenetic Artemia

Spatio-temporal patterns of ovarian development and VgR gene silencing reduced fecundity in parthenogenetic Artemia

Comparative Analysis of Bisexual and Parthenogenetic Populations in Haemaphysalis Longicornis

Reference gene selection for normalizing gene expression using quantitative real‐time PCR in Haemaphysalis longicornis

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